const fs = require("fs");
const http = require("http");
const https = require("https");
const crypto = require("crypto");

// ── LOCAL DATABASE CLIENT (BGP, RPKI, Threat Intel) ──────────────
const localDb = require('./local-db-client');
console.log('[PeerCortex] Local DB client initialized');


// Load .env file
require('./src/backend/config');

const BGPROUTES_API_KEY = process.env.BGPROUTES_API_KEY || "";
const BGPROUTES_API_URL = process.env.BGPROUTES_API_URL || "https://api.bgproutes.io/v1";

// bio-rd gRPC client (optional — graceful fallback if unavailable)
let risClient = null;
try {
  const { createRisClient } = require('./bio-rd-client');
  const BIO_RD_HOST = process.env.BIO_RD_HOST || 'localhost';
  const BIO_RD_PORT = parseInt(process.env.BIO_RD_PORT || '4321');
  risClient = createRisClient(BIO_RD_HOST, BIO_RD_PORT);
  console.log(`[bio-rd] RIS client configured → ${BIO_RD_HOST}:${BIO_RD_PORT}`);
} catch (e) {
  console.log('[bio-rd] RIS client not available (bio-rd-client.js missing or gRPC not installed)');
}

const {
  PEERINGDB_API_KEY,
  PEERINGDB_API_URL,
  getPdbLocal,
  queryPeeringDBLocal,
  pdbSemaphore,
  fetchPeeringDB,
  fetchPeeringDBWithRetry,
} = require("./server/services/peeringdb");

// ── SMTP / Email ──────────────────────────────────────────────
const { sendFeedbackMail } = require('./src/backend/services/smtp');
// ── SMTP / Email ──────────────────────────────────────────────

const { loadVisitors, trackVisitor } = require("./server/visitors");

// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
// PEERCORTEX v0.6.1 — New Features
// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════

// ── BGP Community Database ─────────────────────────────────────
// Migrated to src/features/bgp-communities/bgp-community-db.ts

// ── Hijack Monitoring ──────────────────────────────────────────
const {
  DATA_DIR,
  loadHijackSubs,
  loadHijackAlerts,
  loadWebhookSubs,
  saveWebhookSubs,
  saveHijackAlerts,
  saveHijackSubs,
} = require("./server/hijack-monitoring/store");
const { webhookSignature, deliverWebhook, notifyWebhooks } = require("./server/hijack-monitoring/webhooks");
const { classifyHijackSeverity, checkHijacksForAsn, runHijackCheck } = require("./server/hijack-monitoring/monitor");

const {
  aspaAdoptionDailyHistory,
  recordAspaAdoptionSnapshot,
  getAdoptionTrend,
  buildAspaAdoptionDashboard,
} = require("./server/aspa-adoption/tracker");

const { fetchRirDelegation, fetchIpv6AdoptionStats } = require("./server/ipv6-adoption");

const { UA } = require("./server/data/constants");
const { CITY_COORDS } = require("./server/data/city-coords");

// ============================================================
const {
  scoreRingSvg,
  pdfBaseCSS,
  buildPdfHtml,
  buildComparisonPdfHtml,
  formatLabel,
  escHtml,
} = require("./server/pdf-export/templates");
const {
  getPuppeteerBrowser,
  pdfCacheGet,
  pdfCacheSet,
  renderHtmlToPdf,
} = require("./server/pdf-export/renderer");

const {
  responseCache,
  cacheGet,
  cacheSet,
  RESULT_CACHE_TTL,
  CACHE_TTL_LOOKUP,
  CACHE_TTL_LOOKUP_DEGRADED,
  CACHE_TTL_DEFAULT,
  rdapCacheGet,
  rdapCacheSet,
  whoisCacheGet,
  whoisCacheSet,
  WHOIS_NOT_FOUND_CACHE_TTL,
  quickIxCacheGet,
  quickIxCacheSet,
  bgproutesResultCache,
  aspaResultCache,
  validateResultCache,
  resultCacheGet,
  resultCacheSet,
} = require("./server/caches/response-caches");
// bgproutesVpCache/bgproutesVpCacheTs/BGPROUTES_VP_TTL removed 2026-07-16:
// confirmed dead code, never read anywhere in the file.

const { ensureManrsCache, checkManrsMembership } = require("./server/services/manrs");

// ============================================================
// subCableCache/globalFacCache removed 2026-07-16: confirmed dead code,
// never read anywhere in the file.

const { roaStore } = require("./server/caches/roa-store");

const {
  rpkiAspaMap,
  getRpkiAspaLastFetch,
  fetchRpkiAspaFeed,
  ensureAspaCache,
  lookupAspaFromRpki,
  validateRPKIWithCache,
  fetchRipeRpkiValidator,
  crossCheckRpki,
} = require("./server/services/rpki");

const { pdbSourceCache } = require("./server/caches/pdb-source-cache");
const {
  ripeStatCache,
  fetchRipeStatCached,
  fetchRipeStatCachedFromApi,
  fetchRipeStatCachedWithRetry,
  saveRipeStatCacheToDisk,
  loadRipeStatCacheFromDisk,
  Semaphore,
} = require("./server/services/ripe-stat");


const {
  fetchJSON,
  fetchJSONWithRetry,
  fetchHTML,
  postJSON,
  fetchBgproutesVisibility,
} = require("./server/services/http-helpers");
// checkRateLimit/rateLimitMap removed 2026-07-16: dead code, never called by
// the request handler (confirmed via the server.js structural exploration).

const { resolveASNames } = require("./server/resolve-as-names");



const {
  hasAsSet,
  hopCheck,
  collapsePrepends,
  verifyUpstream,
  verifyDownstream,
  detectValleys,
  buildAspaStore,
  calculateAspaReadinessScore,
} = require("./server/aspa-verification/engine");


const { fetchBgpHeNet } = require("./server/bgp-he-net");

const { fetchTopology } = require("./server/topology");

const { computeResilienceScore } = require("./server/resilience-score");
const { computeRouteLeakDetection } = require("./server/route-leak");
const { fetchWhois } = require("./server/whois");

// ============================================================
// Internal API Server Proxy
// ============================================================
// Several routes were extracted into src/api/ + src/features/*/routes.ts
// (Fastify, dist/api/index.js, run as a separate PM2 process on
// API_SERVER_PORT) but were never re-wired here after that migration —
// they just silently 404'd. This forwards those specific paths through
// rather than reimplementing them inline a second time.
const API_SERVER_PORT = parseInt(process.env.API_SERVER_PORT || "3102", 10);

function proxyToApiServer(req, res, targetUrl) {
  const proxyReq = http.request(
    {
      hostname: "127.0.0.1",
      port: API_SERVER_PORT,
      path: targetUrl,
      method: req.method,
      headers: Object.assign({}, req.headers, { host: "127.0.0.1:" + API_SERVER_PORT }),
    },
    (proxyRes) => {
      res.writeHead(proxyRes.statusCode, proxyRes.headers);
      proxyRes.pipe(res);
    }
  );
  proxyReq.on("error", (err) => {
    console.error("[API Proxy] Error forwarding " + targetUrl + ":", err.message);
    if (!res.headersSent) {
      res.writeHead(502, { "Content-Type": "application/json" });
      res.end(JSON.stringify({ error: "API server unavailable", detail: err.message }));
    }
  });
  req.pipe(proxyReq);
}

// ============================================================
// HTTP Server
// ============================================================

const staticRoutes = require("./server/routes/static");
const searchRoutes = require("./server/routes/search");
const feedbackRoutes = require("./server/routes/feedback");

const server = http.createServer(async (req, res) => {
  res.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Origin", "*");
  res.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Methods", "GET, OPTIONS");
  res.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Headers", "Content-Type");

  if (req.method === "OPTIONS") {
    res.writeHead(204);
    return res.end();
  }

  let url, reqPath;
  try {
    url = new URL(req.url, "http://localhost");
    reqPath = url.pathname;
  } catch (_urlErr) {
    res.writeHead(400);
    return res.end('Bad Request');
  }

  // Serve static files — host-based routing
  const host = (req.headers.host || '').split(':')[0];

  if (reqPath === "/" || reqPath === "/index.html") {
    return staticRoutes.handleRoot(req, res, host, reqPath);
  }

  // Direct access to editorial version
  if (reqPath === "/index-editorial.html") {
    return staticRoutes.handleIndexEditorial(req, res);
  }

  // Name Search (RIPE Stat + PeeringDB combined)
  if (reqPath === "/api/search") {
    return searchRoutes.handleSearch(req, res);
  }

  // GET /api/visitors — unique visitor count
  if (reqPath === "/api/visitors" && req.method === "GET") {
    return searchRoutes.handleVisitors(req, res);
  }

  // OPTIONS preflight (CORS)
  if (reqPath === "/api/feedback" && req.method === "OPTIONS") {
    return feedbackRoutes.handleOptions(req, res);
  }

  // POST /api/feedback — submit feedback entry
  if (reqPath === "/api/feedback" && req.method === "POST") {
    return feedbackRoutes.handlePost(req, res);
  }

  // GET /api/feedback?token=... — admin: fetch all entries as JSON
  if (reqPath === "/api/feedback" && req.method === "GET") {
    return feedbackRoutes.handleGet(req, res, url);
  }

  // Serve favicon
  if (reqPath === "/favicon.ico") {
    return staticRoutes.handleFavicon(req, res);
  }

  // Lia'''s Atlas Paradise - Easter egg page
  if (reqPath === "/lia" || reqPath === "/lia/") {
    return staticRoutes.handleLia(req, res);
  }



  // ============================================================
  // Lia's Atlas Paradise: Atlas probe coverage endpoint
  // ============================================================
  if (reqPath === "/api/atlas/coverage") {
    res.setHeader("Content-Type", "application/json");
    if (!atlasState.cache) {
      res.writeHead(503);
      return res.end(JSON.stringify({ error: "Atlas probe data is still loading. Please try again in a minute." }));
    }
    return res.end(JSON.stringify(atlasState.cache, null, 2));
  }

  // ============================================================
  // Lia's Paradise: File parsing endpoint (for binary uploads)
  // ============================================================
  if (reqPath === "/api/lia/parse-file" && req.method === "POST") {
    res.setHeader("Content-Type", "application/json");
    let body = "";
    req.on("data", function(chunk) { body += chunk; });
    req.on("end", function() {
      try {
        var parsed = JSON.parse(body);
        var filename = parsed.filename || "";
        var ext = filename.split(".").pop().toLowerCase();
        // For text-based formats, decode base64 and extract text
        if (ext === "csv" || ext === "txt") {
          var text = Buffer.from(parsed.data, "base64").toString("utf8");
          return res.end(JSON.stringify({ text: text }));
        }
        // For binary formats (PDF, XLS, DOC), we can't parse server-side without
        // heavy dependencies. Return helpful error.
        return res.end(JSON.stringify({
          error: "Binary file parsing (" + ext.toUpperCase() + ") requires client-side extraction. Please use CSV or TXT format, or copy-paste the content.",
          suggestion: "Export your spreadsheet as CSV first, then upload the CSV file."
        }));
      } catch(e) {
        return res.end(JSON.stringify({ error: "Parse error: " + e.message }));
      }
    });
    return;
  }

  // ============================================================
  // Lia's Paradise: Combined PeeringDB + Atlas coverage data
  // ============================================================
  if (reqPath === "/api/lia/coverage") {
    res.setHeader("Content-Type", "application/json");
    if (!atlasState.cache) {
      res.writeHead(503);
      return res.end(JSON.stringify({ error: "Atlas probe data is still loading. Please try again in a minute." }));
    }

    // Cache this expensive response for 30 min
    var liaCacheKey = "lia_coverage";
    var liaCached = cacheGet(liaCacheKey);
    if (liaCached) return res.end(liaCached);

    // Fetch PeeringDB network list (all networks with status "ok")
    // Use pre-cached org→country map (loaded at startup, 16MB response cached in memory)
    fetchPeeringDB("/net?status=ok&depth=0").then(function(pdbData) {
      if (!pdbData || !pdbData.data) {
        return res.end(JSON.stringify({ error: "Could not fetch PeeringDB networks" }));
      }

      var probeAsns = new Set(atlasState.cache.asns_with_probes || []);

      var enriched = pdbData.data.map(function(n) {
        var org = pdbOrgState.map.get(n.org_id) || {};
        var cc = org.country || "";
        return {
          asn: n.asn,
          name: n.name || "",
          org_name: org.name || "",
          country: cc,
          country_name: cc,
          info_type: n.info_type || "",
          has_probe: probeAsns.has(n.asn),
        };
      }).filter(function(n) { return n.asn > 0 && n.country; });

      var result = JSON.stringify({
        networks: enriched,
        total: enriched.length,
        with_probes: enriched.filter(function(n) { return n.has_probe; }).length,
        without_probes: enriched.filter(function(n) { return !n.has_probe; }).length,
        atlas_unique_asns: probeAsns.size,
        org_countries_loaded: pdbOrgState.map.size,
        fetched_at: new Date().toISOString(),
      });

      cacheSet(liaCacheKey, result, 30 * 60 * 1000);
      res.end(result);
    }).catch(function(e) {
      res.end(JSON.stringify({ error: "PeeringDB fetch failed: " + e.message }));
    });
    return;
  }

  res.setHeader("Content-Type", "application/json");

  // Health endpoint — extended with cache status, ASPA metrics, and local DB stats
  if (reqPath === "/api/health") {
    const mem = process.memoryUsage();
    const rpkiAspaLastFetch = getRpkiAspaLastFetch();
    const aspaAge = rpkiAspaLastFetch ? Math.floor((Date.now() - rpkiAspaLastFetch) / 60000) : -1;
    const pdbTotal = pdbSourceCache.hits + pdbSourceCache.misses;

    // Query local DB stats (async, but return partial if needed)
    localDb.getLocalDbStats().then(function(dbStats) {
      // Determine health status based on local DB data availability
      const hasLocalBgp = dbStats && dbStats.bgp_routes > 100000; // should have >2M rows normally
      const hasLocalRpki = dbStats && dbStats.rpki_roas > 100000; // should have >500k rows normally
      const status = (hasLocalBgp && hasLocalRpki && aspaAge < 300) ? "ok" : "degraded";

      const healthResponse = {
        status,
        service: "PeerCortex",
        version: "0.6.9",
        timestamp: new Date().toISOString(),
        uptime_seconds: Math.floor(process.uptime()),
        memory_mb: Math.round(mem.heapUsed / 1024 / 1024),
        bgproutes_configured: !!BGPROUTES_API_KEY,
        caches: {
          aspa_map: { entries: rpkiAspaMap.size, age_minutes: aspaAge },
          pdb_net: { entries: pdbSourceCache.net.size, hit_rate_pct: pdbTotal > 0 ? Math.round(pdbSourceCache.hits / pdbTotal * 100) : 0 },
          pdb_netixlan: { entries: pdbSourceCache.netixlan.size },
          pdb_netfac: { entries: pdbSourceCache.netfac.size },
          ripe_stat: { entries: ripeStatCache.size },
          response_cache: { entries: responseCache.size },
        },
        local_db: dbStats ? {
          bgp_routes: dbStats.bgp_routes,
          rpki_roas: dbStats.rpki_roas,
          threat_intel: dbStats.threat_intel,
          rdap_cache_entries: dbStats.rdap_cache_entries,
          source: "PostgreSQL (local)",
          healthy: hasLocalBgp && hasLocalRpki,
        } : null,
        aspa_adoption: {
          total_objects: rpkiAspaMap.size,
          roa_count: roaStore.count,
          history_samples: aspaAdoptionDailyHistory.length,
          delta_last: aspaAdoptionDailyHistory.length >= 2
            ? aspaAdoptionDailyHistory[aspaAdoptionDailyHistory.length - 1].aspa_objects - aspaAdoptionDailyHistory[aspaAdoptionDailyHistory.length - 2].aspa_objects
            : 0,
        },
      };
      return res.end(JSON.stringify(healthResponse, null, 2));
    }).catch(function(e) {
      console.error('[/api/health] Local DB stats error:', e.message);
      // Return health without local DB stats on error
      return res.end(
        JSON.stringify({
          status,
          service: "PeerCortex",
          version: "0.6.9",
          timestamp: new Date().toISOString(),
          uptime_seconds: Math.floor(process.uptime()),
          memory_mb: Math.round(mem.heapUsed / 1024 / 1024),
          bgproutes_configured: !!BGPROUTES_API_KEY,
          caches: {
            roa_store: { entries: roaStore.count, age_minutes: roaAge, ready: roaStore.ready },
            aspa_map: { entries: rpkiAspaMap.size, age_minutes: aspaAge },
            pdb_net: { entries: pdbSourceCache.net.size, hit_rate_pct: pdbTotal > 0 ? Math.round(pdbSourceCache.hits / pdbTotal * 100) : 0 },
            pdb_netixlan: { entries: pdbSourceCache.netixlan.size },
            pdb_netfac: { entries: pdbSourceCache.netfac.size },
            ripe_stat: { entries: ripeStatCache.size },
            response_cache: { entries: responseCache.size },
          },
          local_db: { error: "Could not fetch local DB stats", message: e.message },
          aspa_adoption: {
            total_objects: rpkiAspaMap.size,
            roa_count: roaStore.count,
            history_samples: aspaAdoptionDailyHistory.length,
            delta_last: aspaAdoptionDailyHistory.length >= 2
              ? aspaAdoptionDailyHistory[aspaAdoptionDailyHistory.length - 1].aspa_objects - aspaAdoptionDailyHistory[aspaAdoptionDailyHistory.length - 2].aspa_objects
              : 0,
          },
        }, null, 2)
      );
    });
    return;
  }

  // ============================================================
  // ASPA Deep Verification endpoint: /api/aspa/verify?asn=X
  // ============================================================
  if (reqPath === "/api/aspa/verify") {
    const rawAsn = (url.searchParams.get("asn") || "").replace(/[^0-9]/g, "");
    if (!rawAsn) {
      res.writeHead(400);
      return res.end(JSON.stringify({ error: "Missing or invalid ASN parameter" }));
    }
    const cachedVerify = resultCacheGet(aspaResultCache, "verify:" + rawAsn);
    if (cachedVerify !== undefined) {
      res.writeHead(200, { "Content-Type": "application/json" });
      return res.end(JSON.stringify(cachedVerify));
    }
    const targetAsn = parseInt(rawAsn);
    const start = Date.now();

    try {
      // Fetch neighbour and prefix data first
      const [neighbourData, prefixData] = await Promise.all([
        fetchRipeStatCached("https://stat.ripe.net/data/asn-neighbours/data.json?resource=AS" + rawAsn, { timeout: 5000 }),
        fetchRipeStatCached("https://stat.ripe.net/data/announced-prefixes/data.json?resource=AS" + rawAsn, { timeout: 5000 }),
      ]);

      // Use looking-glass with actual prefixes to get BGP paths
      const announcedPrefixes = prefixData?.data?.prefixes || [];
      const samplePrefixes = announcedPrefixes.slice(0, 3).map((p) => p.prefix); // reduced 5→3

      // Fetch looking-glass data for up to 3 prefixes in parallel (3s timeout each)
      const lgResults = await Promise.all(
        samplePrefixes.map((pfx) =>
          fetchRipeStatCached("https://stat.ripe.net/data/looking-glass/data.json?resource=" + encodeURIComponent(pfx), { timeout: 3000 }).catch(() => null)
        )
      );

      // Extract AS paths from looking glass results
      const allPaths = [];
      const pathNeighbourCount = new Map(); // Count how often each AS appears next to target in paths

      lgResults.forEach((lgData) => {
        const rrcs = lgData?.data?.rrcs || [];
        rrcs.forEach((rrc) => {
          const peers = rrc.peers || [];
          peers.forEach((peer) => {
            const rawPath = peer.as_path || "";
            const pathArr = rawPath.split(" ").map(Number).filter(Boolean);
            if (pathArr.length > 1) {
              allPaths.push({
                rrc: rrc.rrc,
                path: pathArr,
                rawPath: rawPath,
                prefix: peer.prefix || "",
                hasAsSet: hasAsSet(rawPath),
              });
              const idx = pathArr.indexOf(targetAsn);
              if (idx > 0) {
                const neighbour = pathArr[idx - 1];
                pathNeighbourCount.set(neighbour, (pathNeighbourCount.get(neighbour) || 0) + 1);
              }
            }
          });
        });
      });

      // Provider detection: ONLY use RIPE Stat "left" neighbours (verified upstreams)
      // AS-path analysis is used for frequency/confirmation, NOT as standalone provider source
      const neighbours = neighbourData?.data?.neighbours || [];
      const leftNeighbours = neighbours.filter((n) => n.type === "left");
      const upstreamSet = new Set();
      leftNeighbours.forEach((n) => upstreamSet.add(n.asn));

      // Classify left neighbours: high-power = likely upstream, low-power = likely peer
      const maxPower = leftNeighbours.reduce((m, n) => Math.max(m, n.power || 0), 1);
      const detectedProviders = [...upstreamSet].map((asn) => {
        const nb = leftNeighbours.find((n) => n.asn === asn);
        const power = nb ? (nb.power || 0) : 0;
        const powerPct = Math.round((power / maxPower) * 100);
        const classification = powerPct >= 10 ? "likely_upstream" : "likely_peer";
        return { asn, name: nb && nb.as_name ? nb.as_name : "", power, power_pct: powerPct, classification };
      });

      await resolveASNames(detectedProviders);

      // Count how often each provider appears in paths
      const providerFrequency = new Map();
      allPaths.forEach((p) => {
        const idx = p.path.indexOf(targetAsn);
        if (idx > 0) {
          const prov = p.path[idx - 1];
          providerFrequency.set(prov, (providerFrequency.get(prov) || 0) + 1);
        }
      });

      // Check Cloudflare RPKI feed for ASPA object
      await ensureAspaCache();
      const aspaLookup = lookupAspaFromRpki(targetAsn);
      const aspaObjectExists = aspaLookup.exists;
      const aspaDeclaredProviders = aspaLookup.providers;

      // Build ASPA store from RPKI feed data (real ASPA objects only). If the
      // target has no real ASPA object, its hops must show "NoAttestation" --
      // NOT a fabricated declaration built from heuristically-detected BGP
      // neighbours, which would contradict the aspa_object_exists:false this
      // same response reports and falsely present unattested hops as
      // "ProviderPlus"/Valid. hopCheck() already returns "NoAttestation" for
      // any ASN with no entry in aspaStore, so simply not setting one here is
      // correct and sufficient -- no fallback needed.
      const aspaStore = new Map();
      if (aspaObjectExists) {
        aspaStore.set(targetAsn, new Set(aspaDeclaredProviders));
      }
      // Also populate store with all known ASPA objects from the RPKI feed
      // for providers that have their own ASPA objects (enables full path verification)
      for (const [cas, provSet] of rpkiAspaMap) {
        if (!aspaStore.has(cas)) {
          aspaStore.set(cas, provSet);
        }
      }
      // Deliberately NOT adding empty Set() entries for detected-but-unattested
      // providers here: aspaStore.get() returning undefined for them makes
      // hopCheck() correctly report "NoAttestation". An empty (but present) Set
      // would make providers.has(x) return false, misreporting "NotProviderPlus"
      // (implying a real ASPA object that denies this hop) instead of "we simply
      // don't know" -- see the 2026-07-16 audit for how this previously caused
      // clean, unattested paths to be misclassified as route leaks.

      // Sample paths for verification (up to 50)
      const samplePaths = allPaths.slice(0, 50);
      const pathResults = samplePaths.map((p) => {
        const upstream = verifyUpstream(p.path, aspaStore, p.rawPath);
        const downstream = verifyDownstream(p.path, aspaStore, p.rawPath);
        const valleys = detectValleys(p.path, aspaStore);

        return {
          rrc: p.rrc,
          prefix: p.prefix,
          path: p.path.map((a) => "AS" + a).join(" "),
          collapsed_path: collapsePrepends(p.path).map((a) => "AS" + a).join(" "),
          has_as_set: p.hasAsSet,
          upstream_verification: upstream,
          downstream_verification: downstream,
          valleys: valleys,
          overall: p.hasAsSet
            ? "Invalid"
            : upstream.result === "Valid" && downstream.result === "Valid"
            ? "Valid"
            : upstream.result === "Invalid" || downstream.result === "Invalid"
            ? "Invalid"
            : "Unknown",
        };
      });

      // Calculate statistics
      const validPaths = pathResults.filter((p) => p.overall === "Valid").length;
      const invalidPaths = pathResults.filter((p) => p.overall === "Invalid").length;
      const unknownPaths = pathResults.filter((p) => p.overall === "Unknown").length;
      const asSetPaths = pathResults.filter((p) => p.has_as_set).length;
      const valleyPaths = pathResults.filter((p) => p.valleys.length > 0).length;

      // For readiness scoring: Valid = full credit, Unknown = partial (no ASPA data is normal),
      // only Invalid actually indicates problems
      const pathNotInvalidPct = pathResults.length > 0
        ? Math.round(((validPaths + unknownPaths) / pathResults.length) * 100)
        : 0;
      const pathValidPct = pathResults.length > 0 ? Math.round((validPaths / pathResults.length) * 100) : 0;

      // Provider audit: compare detected vs declared
      const detectedSet = new Set(detectedProviders.map((p) => p.asn));
      const declaredSet = new Set(aspaDeclaredProviders);

      const missingFromAspa = detectedProviders
        .filter((p) => !declaredSet.has(p.asn))
        .map((p) => ({
          asn: p.asn,
          name: p.name,
          frequency: providerFrequency.get(p.asn) || 0,
          frequency_pct: allPaths.length > 0
            ? Math.round(((providerFrequency.get(p.asn) || 0) / allPaths.length) * 100)
            : 0,
        }))
        .sort((a, b) => b.frequency - a.frequency);

      const extraInAspa = aspaDeclaredProviders
        .filter((asn) => !detectedSet.has(asn))
        .map((asn) => ({
          asn,
          name: "",
          seen_in_paths: false,
        }));

      const providerCompleteness = detectedProviders.length > 0
        ? Math.round(
            (detectedProviders.filter((p) => declaredSet.has(p.asn)).length /
              detectedProviders.length) *
              100
          )
        : aspaObjectExists ? 100 : 0;

      // Get RPKI coverage for readiness score
      // Validate ALL prefixes using local RPKI data (Cloudflare feed - all 5 RIRs)
      await ensureAspaCache();
      const rpkiBatch = announcedPrefixes.map((p) => p.prefix);
      const rpkiResults = await Promise.all(rpkiBatch.map((pfx) => validateRPKIWithCache(rawAsn, pfx)));
      // Exclude "unavailable" (DB error) from the coverage denominator -- a DB hiccup
      // must not lower a network's displayed ASPA readiness score.
      const rpkiChecked = rpkiResults.filter((r) => r.status !== "unavailable");
      const rpkiValid = rpkiChecked.filter((r) => r.status === "valid").length;
      const rpkiCoverage = rpkiChecked.length > 0 ? Math.round((rpkiValid / rpkiChecked.length) * 100) : 0;

      // Calculate readiness score
      const readinessScore = calculateAspaReadinessScore({
        rpkiCoverage,
        aspaObjectExists,
        providerCompleteness,
        pathValidationPct: pathNotInvalidPct,
      });

      const duration = Date.now() - start;
      const verifyResult = {
        meta: {
          query: "AS" + rawAsn,
          duration_ms: duration,
          timestamp: new Date().toISOString(),
          paths_analyzed: pathResults.length,
          total_paths_seen: allPaths.length,
        },
        asn: targetAsn,
        readiness_score: readinessScore,
        aspa_object_exists: aspaObjectExists,
        aspa_feed_healthy: aspaLookup.feedLoaded,
        detected_providers: detectedProviders.map((p) => ({
          ...p,
          frequency: providerFrequency.get(p.asn) || 0,
          frequency_pct: allPaths.length > 0
            ? Math.round(((providerFrequency.get(p.asn) || 0) / allPaths.length) * 100)
            : 0,
        })),
        provider_audit: {
          declared_count: aspaDeclaredProviders.length,
          detected_count: detectedProviders.length,
          completeness_pct: providerCompleteness,
          missing_from_aspa: missingFromAspa,
          extra_in_aspa: extraInAspa,
        },
        path_verification: {
          total: pathResults.length,
          valid: validPaths,
          invalid: invalidPaths,
          unknown: unknownPaths,
          as_set_flagged: asSetPaths,
          valley_detected: valleyPaths,
          valid_pct: pathValidPct,
          not_invalid_pct: pathNotInvalidPct,
          results: pathResults,
        },
        rpki_coverage: rpkiCoverage,
      };
      resultCacheSet(aspaResultCache, "verify:" + rawAsn, verifyResult);
      return res.end(JSON.stringify(verifyResult, null, 2));
    } catch (err) {
      res.writeHead(500);
      return res.end(JSON.stringify({ error: "ASPA verification failed", message: err.message }));
    }
  }

  // ============================================================
  // ASPA Check endpoint: /api/aspa?asn=X (existing, kept for compat)
  // ============================================================
  if (reqPath === "/api/aspa") {
    const rawAsn = (url.searchParams.get("asn") || "").replace(/[^0-9]/g, "");
    if (!rawAsn) {
      res.writeHead(400);
      return res.end(JSON.stringify({ error: "Missing or invalid ASN parameter" }));
    }
    const cachedAspa = resultCacheGet(aspaResultCache, rawAsn);
    if (cachedAspa !== undefined) {
      res.writeHead(200, { "Content-Type": "application/json" });
      return res.end(JSON.stringify(cachedAspa));
    }
    const start = Date.now();
    let _aspaDone = false;
    const _aspaTimer = setTimeout(() => {
      if (!_aspaDone) {
        _aspaDone = true;
        res.writeHead(200, { "Content-Type": "application/json" });
        res.end(JSON.stringify({ error: "ASPA data temporarily unavailable (timeout)", asn: parseInt(rawAsn) }));
      }
    }, 12000);
    try {
      const [lgData, neighbourData] = await Promise.all([
        fetchRipeStatCached("https://stat.ripe.net/data/looking-glass/data.json?resource=AS" + rawAsn, { timeout: 3000 }).catch(() => null),
        fetchRipeStatCached("https://stat.ripe.net/data/asn-neighbours/data.json?resource=AS" + rawAsn, { timeout: 4000 }),
      ]);

      const rrcs = lgData?.data?.rrcs || [];
      const asPaths = [];

      rrcs.forEach((rrc) => {
        const peers = rrc.peers || [];
        peers.forEach((peer) => {
          const path = peer.as_path || "";
          const pathArr = path.split(" ").map(Number).filter(Boolean);
          if (pathArr.length > 1) {
            asPaths.push({ rrc: rrc.rrc, path: pathArr, prefix: peer.prefix || "" });
          }
        });
      });

      // Provider detection: ONLY use RIPE Stat "left" neighbours (verified upstreams)
      const neighbours = neighbourData?.data?.neighbours || [];
      const leftNeighbours = neighbours.filter((n) => n.type === "left");
      const upstreamSet = new Set();
      leftNeighbours.forEach((n) => upstreamSet.add(n.asn));

      // Classify left neighbours: high-power = likely upstream, low-power = likely peer
      const maxPower = leftNeighbours.reduce((m, n) => Math.max(m, n.power || 0), 1);
      const detectedProviders = [...upstreamSet].map((asn) => {
        const nb = leftNeighbours.find((n) => n.asn === asn);
        const power = nb ? (nb.power || 0) : 0;
        const powerPct = Math.round((power / maxPower) * 100);
        const classification = powerPct >= 10 ? "likely_upstream" : "likely_peer";
        return { asn, name: nb && nb.as_name ? nb.as_name : "", power, power_pct: powerPct, classification };
      });

      await resolveASNames(detectedProviders);

      // Check Cloudflare RPKI feed for ASPA object
      await ensureAspaCache();
      const aspaLookup = lookupAspaFromRpki(rawAsn);
      const aspaObjectExists = aspaLookup.exists;
      const aspaDeclaredProviders = aspaLookup.providers;

      const providerList = detectedProviders.map((p) => "AS" + p.asn).join(", ");
      let recommendedAspa =
        "aut-num:        AS" + rawAsn + "\n" +
        "# Recommended ASPA object:\n" +
        "# customer:     AS" + rawAsn + "\n" +
        "# provider-set: " + providerList + "\n" +
        "# AFI:          ipv4, ipv6\n" +
        "#\n" +
        "# Detected providers from BGP path analysis:\n" +
        detectedProviders.map((p) => "#   AS" + p.asn + (p.name ? " (" + p.name + ")" : "")).join("\n");

      // If ASPA object exists, show RPKI-declared providers
      if (aspaObjectExists && aspaDeclaredProviders.length > 0) {
        recommendedAspa += "\n#\n# RPKI-declared providers (from Cloudflare RPKI feed):\n" +
          aspaDeclaredProviders.map((a) => "#   AS" + a).join("\n");
      }

      const samplePaths = asPaths.slice(0, 10).map((p) => {
        const pathStr = p.path.map((a) => "AS" + a).join(" -> ");
        const idx = p.path.indexOf(parseInt(rawAsn));
        const provider = idx > 0 ? p.path[idx - 1] : null;
        return {
          rrc: p.rrc,
          prefix: p.prefix,
          path: pathStr,
          detected_provider: provider ? "AS" + provider : null,
          provider_in_set: provider ? upstreamSet.has(provider) : false,
        };
      });

      if (_aspaDone) return; // hard timeout already responded
      _aspaDone = true;
      clearTimeout(_aspaTimer);
      const duration = Date.now() - start;
      const aspaResult = {
        meta: { query: "AS" + rawAsn, duration_ms: duration, timestamp: new Date().toISOString() },
        asn: parseInt(rawAsn),
        detected_providers: detectedProviders,
        provider_count: detectedProviders.length,
        aspa_object_exists: aspaObjectExists,
        aspa_feed_healthy: aspaLookup.feedLoaded,
        aspa_declared_providers: aspaDeclaredProviders.map((a) => ({ asn: a })),
        aspa_declared_count: aspaDeclaredProviders.length,
        recommended_aspa: recommendedAspa,
        path_analysis: {
          total_paths_seen: asPaths.length,
          sample_paths: samplePaths,
        },
      };
      resultCacheSet(aspaResultCache, rawAsn, aspaResult);
      return res.end(JSON.stringify(aspaResult, null, 2));
    } catch (err) {
      if (!_aspaDone) {
        _aspaDone = true;
        clearTimeout(_aspaTimer);
        res.writeHead(500);
        return res.end(JSON.stringify({ error: "ASPA check failed", message: err.message }));
      }
    }
  }

  // ============================================================
  // BGP endpoint (LOCAL DB): /api/bgp?asn=X (or prefix=X)
  // Queries local PostgreSQL bgp_routes table — zero external API calls
  // ============================================================
  if (reqPath === "/api/bgp") {
    const rawAsn = (url.searchParams.get("asn") || "").replace(/[^0-9]/g, "");
    const prefix = url.searchParams.get("prefix") || "";
    if (!rawAsn && !prefix) {
      res.writeHead(400);
      return res.end(JSON.stringify({ error: "Need asn or prefix parameter" }));
    }
    const cacheKey = rawAsn || prefix;
    const cached = resultCacheGet(bgproutesResultCache, cacheKey);
    if (cached !== undefined) {
      res.writeHead(200, { "Content-Type": "application/json", "X-Cache": "HIT" });
      return res.end(JSON.stringify(cached));
    }
    const start = Date.now();
    try {
      const result = {
        meta: { timestamp: new Date().toISOString(), source: "local_bgp_db" },
        bgp_status: null,
        threat_intel: null,
      };

      // ---- BGP Status (local DB lookup) ----
      if (prefix) {
        // Prefix lookup: Get BGP status for this prefix
        const bgpStatus = await localDb.getBgpStatus(prefix);
        if (bgpStatus) {
          result.bgp_status = {
            prefix,
            announced: bgpStatus.announced,
            origin_asns: bgpStatus.origin_asns,
            visibility_percent: bgpStatus.visibility_percent,
            last_seen: bgpStatus.last_seen,
            source: "local_bgp",
          };
          // Check for hijack (multiple origin ASNs). null means the check itself
          // failed (DB error) -- distinct from a genuine single/no-origin result.
          const hijackAsns = await localDb.checkBgpHijack(prefix);
          if (hijackAsns === null) {
            result.bgp_status.hijack_check_unavailable = true;
          } else if (hijackAsns.length > 1) {
            result.bgp_status.hijack_warning = {
              detected: true,
              origin_asns: hijackAsns,
              message: `Multiple origin ASNs detected for ${prefix}`,
            };
          }
        }
      } else if (rawAsn) {
        // ASN lookup: Get all announced prefixes for this ASN
        const prefixes = await localDb.getAnnouncedPrefixes(rawAsn);
        if (prefixes && prefixes.length > 0) {
          result.bgp_status = {
            asn: rawAsn,
            announced_count: prefixes.length,
            prefixes: prefixes.slice(0, 50).map((p) => ({
              prefix: p.prefix,
              origin_asn: p.origin_asn,
              visibility_percent: p.visibility_percent,
              last_seen: p.last_seen,
            })),
            source: "local_bgp",
          };
        } else {
          result.bgp_status = {
            asn: rawAsn,
            announced: false,
            announced_count: 0,
            message: "No prefixes found for this ASN in local BGP table",
            source: "local_bgp",
          };
        }
      }

      // ---- Threat Intelligence (local cache lookup) ----
      // If we have an IP context, look up threat intel
      if (prefix && prefix.includes(".")) {
        // Extract IP from prefix (e.g., "1.1.1.0/24" → "1.1.1.0")
        const ipAddr = prefix.split("/")[0];
        const threat = await localDb.getThreatIntel(ipAddr);
        if (threat) {
          result.threat_intel = {
            ip_address: threat.ip_address,
            threat_level: threat.threat_level,
            confidence_score: threat.confidence_score,
            source: threat.source,
            cached_at: threat.cached_at,
          };
        }
      }

      result.meta.duration_ms = Date.now() - start;
      resultCacheSet(bgproutesResultCache, cacheKey, result);
      res.writeHead(200, { "Content-Type": "application/json" });
      return res.end(JSON.stringify(result, null, 2));
    } catch (err) {
      console.error("[/api/bgp] Error:", err.message);
      res.writeHead(500);
      return res.end(JSON.stringify({ error: "BGP query failed", message: err.message }));
    }
  }


  // ============================================================
  // Unified Validation endpoint: /api/validate?asn=X
  // Runs ALL validations in parallel, returns comprehensive report
  // ============================================================
  if (reqPath === "/api/validate") {
    const rawAsn = (url.searchParams.get("asn") || "").replace(/[^0-9]/g, "");
    if (!rawAsn) {
      res.writeHead(400);
      return res.end(JSON.stringify({ error: "Missing or invalid ASN parameter" }));
    }
    const cachedValidate = resultCacheGet(validateResultCache, rawAsn);
    if (cachedValidate !== undefined) {
      res.writeHead(200, { "Content-Type": "application/json", "X-Cache": "HIT" });
      return res.end(JSON.stringify(cachedValidate));
    }
    const start = Date.now();
    const targetAsn = parseInt(rawAsn);

    try {
      // Phase 1: Fetch core data — 5s cap prevents large ASNs from blocking Phase 2
      const [prefixData, pdbNet, neighbourData, overviewData] = await Promise.all([
        fetchRipeStatCached("https://stat.ripe.net/data/announced-prefixes/data.json?resource=AS" + rawAsn, { timeout: 5000 }),
        fetchPeeringDB("/net?asn=" + rawAsn),
        fetchRipeStatCached("https://stat.ripe.net/data/asn-neighbours/data.json?resource=AS" + rawAsn, { timeout: 5000 }),
        fetchRipeStatCached("https://stat.ripe.net/data/as-overview/data.json?resource=AS" + rawAsn, { timeout: 5000 }),
      ]);

      const allPrefixes = (prefixData && prefixData.data && prefixData.data.prefixes ? prefixData.data.prefixes : []).map(function(p) { return p.prefix; });
      // Use all prefixes for RPKI validation (local lookup is fast, no API calls)
      const samplePrefixes = allPrefixes;
      const net = pdbNet && pdbNet.data && pdbNet.data[0] ? pdbNet.data[0] : {};
      const netId = net.id;
      const neighbours = neighbourData && neighbourData.data && neighbourData.data.neighbours ? neighbourData.data.neighbours : [];

      // ---- 11. Bogon Detection (local check) ----
      function checkBogonPrefix(prefix) {
        var bogonV4 = [
          { net: "0.0.0.0", mask: 8 }, { net: "10.0.0.0", mask: 8 },
          { net: "100.64.0.0", mask: 10 }, { net: "127.0.0.0", mask: 8 },
          { net: "169.254.0.0", mask: 16 }, { net: "172.16.0.0", mask: 12 },
          { net: "192.0.2.0", mask: 24 }, { net: "192.168.0.0", mask: 16 },
          { net: "198.51.100.0", mask: 24 }, { net: "203.0.113.0", mask: 24 },
          { net: "240.0.0.0", mask: 4 },
        ];
        if (prefix.includes(":")) return { prefix: prefix, is_bogon: false, reason: "IPv6 bogon check skipped" };
        var split = prefix.split("/");
        var addr = split[0];
        var mask = parseInt(split[1] || "0");
        var parts = addr.split(".").map(Number);
        var ip = ((parts[0] << 24) | (parts[1] << 16) | (parts[2] << 8) | parts[3]) >>> 0;
        for (var bi = 0; bi < bogonV4.length; bi++) {
          var b = bogonV4[bi];
          var bParts = b.net.split(".").map(Number);
          var bIp = ((bParts[0] << 24) | (bParts[1] << 16) | (bParts[2] << 8) | bParts[3]) >>> 0;
          var bMask = (~((1 << (32 - b.mask)) - 1)) >>> 0;
          if ((ip & bMask) === (bIp & bMask) && mask >= b.mask) {
            return { prefix: prefix, is_bogon: true, reason: "Matches bogon " + b.net + "/" + b.mask };
          }
        }
        return { prefix: prefix, is_bogon: false };
      }

      function checkBogonAsn(asnNum) {
        if (asnNum === 0 || asnNum === 23456 || asnNum === 65535) return true;
        if (asnNum >= 64496 && asnNum <= 64511) return true;
        if (asnNum >= 64512 && asnNum <= 65534) return true;
        return false;
      }

      var bogonPrefixResults = allPrefixes.map(checkBogonPrefix);
      var bogonPrefixes = bogonPrefixResults.filter(function(r) { return r.is_bogon; });
      var asnInPaths = neighbours.map(function(n) { return n.asn; });
      var bogonAsns = asnInPaths.filter(checkBogonAsn);
      // "pass" must mean prefixes/neighbours were actually fetched and checked clean --
      // not that the upstream source failed and left nothing to check. A source is
      // unavailable if it's falsy (fetchRipeStatCached network failure) OR if it's a
      // truthy object with status:"error" (local-db-client.js's DB-error signal --
      // see the 2026-07-16 audit; that object is NOT null, so a plain `!x` check
      // alone misses this case and would show "pass" on 0 checked prefixes).
      function isSourceUnavailable(x) { return !x || x.status === "error"; }
      var prefixesUnavailable = isSourceUnavailable(prefixData);
      var neighboursUnavailable = isSourceUnavailable(neighbourData);
      var bogonDataUnavailable = prefixesUnavailable && neighboursUnavailable;
      var bogonResult = {
        status: bogonDataUnavailable ? "info" : (bogonPrefixes.length === 0 && bogonAsns.length === 0 ? "pass" : "fail"),
        bogon_prefixes: bogonPrefixes,
        bogon_asns_in_paths: bogonAsns,
        total_prefixes_checked: allPrefixes.length,
        prefixes_source_unavailable: prefixesUnavailable,
        neighbours_source_unavailable: neighboursUnavailable,
      };

      // Phase 2: All API-dependent validations in parallel
      var validationPromises = {};

      // 12. IRR Validation
      // fetchJSON resolves(null) on timeout/network-error/parse-failure rather than
      // rejecting, so the .catch() below never sees the common failure mode -- a
      // dead upstream would otherwise silently read as "0 entries, no mismatches, pass".
      validationPromises.irr = fetchJSON("https://irrexplorer.nlnog.net/api/prefixes/asn/" + rawAsn).then(function(irrData) {
        if (irrData === null) {
          return { status: "info", message: "IRR Explorer unavailable (fetch failed)", total_entries: 0, mismatches: [], mismatch_count: 0 };
        }
        var entries = Array.isArray(irrData) ? irrData : [];
        var mismatches = entries.filter(function(e) {
          if (!e.bgpOrigins && !e.bgp_origins) return false;
          if (!e.irrRoutes && !e.irr_origins) return false;
          var bgpArr = e.bgpOrigins || e.bgp_origins || [];
          var irrArr = e.irrRoutes || e.irr_origins || [];
          var bgpSet = {};
          bgpArr.forEach(function(a) { bgpSet[String(typeof a === "object" ? a.asn : a)] = true; });
          var match = false;
          irrArr.forEach(function(a) { if (bgpSet[String(typeof a === "object" ? a.asn : a)]) match = true; });
          return Object.keys(bgpSet).length > 0 && irrArr.length > 0 && !match;
        });
        return {
          status: mismatches.length === 0 ? "pass" : "warning",
          total_entries: entries.length,
          mismatches: mismatches.slice(0, 10).map(function(e) { return { prefix: e.prefix, bgp_origins: e.bgpOrigins || e.bgp_origins, irr_origins: e.irrRoutes || e.irr_origins }; }),
          mismatch_count: mismatches.length,
        };
      }).catch(function(e) { return { status: "error", error: String(e) }; });

      // 13. RPKI ROA Completeness (local validation against Cloudflare RPKI feed - all RIRs)
      await ensureAspaCache(); // Ensure ROA data is loaded
      validationPromises.rpki_completeness = Promise.all(
        allPrefixes.map(function(pfx) { return validateRPKIWithCache(rawAsn, pfx); })
      ).then(function(rpkiResults) {
        var checkedResults = rpkiResults.filter(function(r) { return r.status !== "unavailable"; });
        var unavailableCount = rpkiResults.length - checkedResults.length;
        var withRoa = checkedResults.filter(function(r) { return r.status === "valid"; });
        var coverage = checkedResults.length > 0 ? Math.round((withRoa.length / checkedResults.length) * 100) : 0;
        var overSpecific = checkedResults.filter(function(r) {
          var mask = parseInt((r.prefix || "").split("/")[1] || "0");
          return !r.prefix.includes(":") && mask >= 25 && r.status !== "valid";
        });
        // If the local RPKI DB was unreachable for every prefix, we haven't actually
        // checked anything -- say so instead of reporting a misleading pass/fail.
        var allUnavailable = rpkiResults.length > 0 && checkedResults.length === 0;
        return {
          status: allUnavailable ? "info" : coverage >= 90 ? "pass" : coverage >= 50 ? "warning" : "fail",
          coverage_pct: coverage,
          total_checked: checkedResults.length,
          db_unavailable_count: unavailableCount,
          with_roa: withRoa.length,
          over_specific: overSpecific.map(function(r) { return r.prefix; }),
          details: rpkiResults,
        };
      }).catch(function(e) { return { status: "error", error: String(e) }; });

      // 14. Abuse Contact Validation
      validationPromises.abuse_contact = fetchRipeStatCached("https://stat.ripe.net/data/abuse-contact-finder/data.json?resource=AS" + rawAsn).then(function(data) {
        if (data === null) return { status: "info", message: "abuse-contact-finder unavailable (fetch failed)", contacts: [], has_valid_email: false };
        var contacts = data && data.data && data.data.abuse_contacts ? data.data.abuse_contacts : [];
        var hasEmail = contacts.length > 0 && contacts.some(function(c) { return c && c.includes("@"); });
        return { status: hasEmail ? "pass" : "fail", contacts: contacts, has_valid_email: hasEmail };
      }).catch(function(e) { return { status: "error", error: String(e) }; });

      // 15. Spamhaus DROP/Blocklist
      validationPromises.blocklist = Promise.all(
        samplePrefixes.slice(0, 5).map(function(pfx) {
          return fetchRipeStatCached("https://stat.ripe.net/data/blocklist/data.json?resource=" + encodeURIComponent(pfx)).then(function(data) {
            // fetchRipeStatCached resolves(null) on timeout/network-error rather than
            // throwing, so the .catch() below never sees that case -- distinguish it
            // explicitly instead of letting a failed lookup read as "not listed".
            if (data === null) return { prefix: pfx, listed: false, checked: false };
            var sources = data && data.data && data.data.sources ? data.data.sources : [];
            var listed = sources.filter(function(s) { return s.prefix_count > 0 || (s.entries && s.entries.length > 0); });
            return { prefix: pfx, listed: listed.length > 0, checked: true, sources: listed.map(function(s) { return s.source || s.name || "unknown"; }) };
          }).catch(function() { return { prefix: pfx, listed: false, checked: false }; });
        })
      ).then(function(results) {
        var checkedResults = results.filter(function(r) { return r.checked; });
        var listedPrefixes = checkedResults.filter(function(r) { return r.listed; });
        var allUnchecked = results.length > 0 && checkedResults.length === 0;
        return {
          status: allUnchecked ? "info" : (listedPrefixes.length === 0 ? "pass" : "fail"),
          checked: checkedResults.length,
          unavailable: results.length - checkedResults.length,
          listed_prefixes: listedPrefixes,
        };
      }).catch(function(e) { return { status: "error", error: String(e) }; });

      // 16. MANRS Compliance — scraped from public participants list (24h cache)
      validationPromises.manrs = ensureManrsCache().then(function() {
        return checkManrsMembership(rawAsn);
      }).catch(function(e) { return { status: "info", participant: "unknown", message: "MANRS check unavailable: " + e.message, note: "https://www.manrs.org/netops/participants/" }; });

      // 17. Reverse DNS Coverage (3 prefix sample — more causes semaphore starvation on large ASNs)
      var rdnsSampleSize = Math.min(3, samplePrefixes.length);
      validationPromises.rdns = Promise.all(
        samplePrefixes.slice(0, rdnsSampleSize).map(function(pfx) {
          return fetchRipeStatCached("https://stat.ripe.net/data/reverse-dns-consistency/data.json?resource=" + encodeURIComponent(pfx), { timeout: 4000 }).then(function(data) {
            if (data === null) return { prefix: pfx, has_rdns: false, details: [], error: true };
            var pfxData = data && data.data && data.data.prefixes ? data.data.prefixes : {};
            var hasDelegation = false;
            var details = [];
            // API returns { ipv4: { "prefix": { complete, domains } }, ipv6: { ... } }
            ["ipv4", "ipv6"].forEach(function(af) {
              var afData = pfxData[af] || {};
              Object.keys(afData).forEach(function(p) {
                var entry = afData[p];
                if (entry && entry.complete) hasDelegation = true;
                if (entry && entry.domains) {
                  entry.domains.forEach(function(d) {
                    if (d.found) hasDelegation = true;
                    details.push({ domain: d.domain, found: !!d.found });
                  });
                }
              });
            });
            // Fallback: old array format
            if (Array.isArray(pfxData)) {
              pfxData.forEach(function(p) {
                if (p.ipv4 || p.ipv6 || (p.delegations && p.delegations.length > 0)) hasDelegation = true;
              });
            }
            return { prefix: pfx, has_rdns: hasDelegation, details: details };
          }).catch(function() { return { prefix: pfx, has_rdns: false, error: true }; });
        })
      ).then(function(results) {
        var checkedResults = results.filter(function(r) { return !r.error; });
        var withRdns = checkedResults.filter(function(r) { return r.has_rdns; });
        var coverage = checkedResults.length > 0 ? Math.round((withRdns.length / checkedResults.length) * 100) : 0;
        var failedPrefixes = checkedResults.filter(function(r) { return !r.has_rdns; }).map(function(r) { return r.prefix; });
        var allUnavailable = results.length > 0 && checkedResults.length === 0;
        return {
          status: allUnavailable ? "info" : (coverage >= 80 ? "pass" : coverage >= 50 ? "warning" : "fail"),
          coverage_pct: coverage,
          checked: checkedResults.length,
          unavailable: results.length - checkedResults.length,
          results: results,
          failed_prefixes: failedPrefixes,
        };
      }).catch(function(e) { return { status: "error", error: String(e) }; });

      // 18. BGP Visibility (uses routing-status API which is more reliable than visibility API)
      validationPromises.visibility = fetchRipeStatCached("https://stat.ripe.net/data/routing-status/data.json?resource=AS" + rawAsn, { timeout: 8000 }).then(function(rsData) {
        var vis = rsData && rsData.data && rsData.data.visibility ? rsData.data.visibility : {};
        var v4 = vis.v4 || {};
        var v6 = vis.v6 || {};
        var totalPeers = (v4.total_ris_peers || 0) + (v6.total_ris_peers || 0);
        var seeingPeers = (v4.ris_peers_seeing || 0) + (v6.ris_peers_seeing || 0);
        var score = totalPeers > 0 ? Math.round((seeingPeers / totalPeers) * 100) : 0;
        var observedNeighbours = rsData && rsData.data ? (rsData.data.observed_neighbours || 0) : 0;
        // If routing-status returned no data, try bgproutes.io
        if (totalPeers === 0 && samplePrefixes[0]) {
          return fetchBgproutesVisibility(samplePrefixes[0]).then(function(bgprFb) {
            if (bgprFb && bgprFb.vps_seeing > 0) {
              seeingPeers = bgprFb.vps_seeing;
              totalPeers = Math.max(bgprFb.vps_seeing, 300);
              score = Math.round((seeingPeers / totalPeers) * 100);
            }
            return { status: score >= 80 ? "pass" : score >= 50 ? "warning" : "fail", visibility_score: score, total_ris_peers: totalPeers, seen_by: seeingPeers, v4_seeing: v4.ris_peers_seeing || 0, v4_total: v4.total_ris_peers || 0, v6_seeing: v6.ris_peers_seeing || 0, v6_total: v6.total_ris_peers || 0, observed_neighbours: observedNeighbours, source: "bgproutes.io_fallback" };
          }).catch(function() {
            // Neither RIPE routing-status nor the bgproutes.io fallback returned data --
            // this network hasn't actually been measured, not confirmed at 0% visibility.
            return { status: "info", message: "visibility could not be measured (both data sources unavailable)", visibility_score: 0, total_ris_peers: 0, seen_by: 0, source: "unavailable" };
          });
        }
        return { status: score >= 80 ? "pass" : score >= 50 ? "warning" : "fail", visibility_score: score, total_ris_peers: totalPeers, seen_by: seeingPeers, v4_seeing: v4.ris_peers_seeing || 0, v4_total: v4.total_ris_peers || 0, v6_seeing: v6.ris_peers_seeing || 0, v6_total: v6.total_ris_peers || 0, observed_neighbours: observedNeighbours, source: "ripe_routing_status" };
      }).catch(function(e) { return { status: "error", error: String(e) }; });

      // 19. BGP Communities Analysis
      validationPromises.communities = (samplePrefixes.length > 0
        ? (function() {
            var now = new Date();
            var end = now.toISOString().replace(/\.\d+Z/, "");
            var startTime = new Date(now.getTime() - 3600000).toISOString().replace(/\.\d+Z/, "");
            return fetchRipeStatCached("https://stat.ripe.net/data/bgp-updates/data.json?resource=" + encodeURIComponent(samplePrefixes[0]) + "&starttime=" + startTime + "&endtime=" + end);
          })()
        : Promise.resolve(null)
      ).then(function(data) {
        var updates = data && data.data && data.data.updates ? data.data.updates : [];
        var communityMap = {};
        var wellKnown = { "65535:0": "GRACEFUL_SHUTDOWN", "65535:65281": "NO_EXPORT", "65535:65282": "NO_ADVERTISE", "65535:666": "BLACKHOLE" };
        updates.forEach(function(u) {
          var attrs = u.attrs || {};
          var communities = attrs.community || [];
          communities.forEach(function(c) {
            var key = Array.isArray(c) ? c.join(":") : String(c);
            if (!communityMap[key]) communityMap[key] = { community: key, count: 0, well_known: wellKnown[key] || null };
            communityMap[key].count++;
          });
        });
        var sorted = Object.values(communityMap).sort(function(a, b) { return b.count - a.count; });
        var hasBlackhole = sorted.some(function(c) { return c.well_known === "BLACKHOLE"; });
        return { status: hasBlackhole ? "warning" : "pass", total_updates: updates.length, unique_communities: sorted.length, top_communities: sorted.slice(0, 20), well_known_detected: sorted.filter(function(c) { return c.well_known; }) };
      }).catch(function(e) { return { status: "error", error: String(e) }; });

      // 20. Geolocation Verification
      validationPromises.geolocation = (samplePrefixes.length > 0
        ? fetchRipeStatCached("https://stat.ripe.net/data/maxmind-geo-lite-pfx/data.json?resource=" + encodeURIComponent(samplePrefixes[0]))
        : Promise.resolve(null)
      ).then(function(data) {
        var locatedPfxs = data && data.data && data.data.located_resources ? data.data.located_resources : [];
        var countries = {};
        locatedPfxs.forEach(function(l) { var locs = l.locations || []; locs.forEach(function(loc) { if (loc.country) countries[loc.country] = true; }); });
        return { status: Object.keys(countries).length > 0 ? "pass" : "warning", geo_countries: Object.keys(countries), sample_prefix: samplePrefixes[0] || null, located_resources: locatedPfxs.length };
      }).catch(function(e) { return { status: "error", error: String(e) }; });

      // 21. RPSL/IRR Object Validation (query all 5 RIRs in parallel)
      validationPromises.rpsl = (function() {
        // Try RIPE first (has richest policy data), then RDAP for other RIRs
        var ripePromise = fetchJSON("https://rest.db.ripe.net/lookup/ripe/aut-num/AS" + rawAsn + ".json", { timeout: 5000 }).then(function(data) {
          var objects = data && data.objects && data.objects.object ? data.objects.object : [];
          if (objects.length === 0) return null;
          var attrs = objects[0] && objects[0].attributes && objects[0].attributes.attribute ? objects[0].attributes.attribute : [];
          var hasImport = attrs.some(function(a) { return a.name === "import" || a.name === "mp-import"; });
          var hasExport = attrs.some(function(a) { return a.name === "export" || a.name === "mp-export"; });
          var hasRemarks = attrs.some(function(a) { return a.name === "remarks"; });
          return { status: (hasImport || hasExport) ? "pass" : "warning", exists: true, has_import: hasImport, has_export: hasExport, has_remarks: hasRemarks, has_policy: hasImport || hasExport, source: "RIPE" };
        }).catch(function() { return null; });

        var rdapEndpoints = [
          { name: "APNIC", url: "https://rdap.apnic.net/autnum/" + rawAsn },
          { name: "ARIN", url: "https://rdap.arin.net/registry/autnum/" + rawAsn },
          { name: "LACNIC", url: "https://rdap.lacnic.net/rdap/autnum/" + rawAsn },
          { name: "AFRINIC", url: "https://rdap.afrinic.net/rdap/autnum/" + rawAsn },
        ];
        var rdapPromises = rdapEndpoints.map(function(ep) {
          return fetchJSON(ep.url, { timeout: 5000 }).then(function(data) {
            if (!data || data.errorCode || !data.handle) return null;
            var hasRemarks = !!(data.remarks && data.remarks.length > 0);
            var name = data.name || "";
            return { status: hasRemarks ? "pass" : "warning", exists: true, has_import: false, has_export: false, has_remarks: hasRemarks, has_policy: false, source: ep.name, rdap_name: name, rdap_handle: data.handle || "" };
          }).catch(function() { return null; });
        });

        return Promise.all([ripePromise].concat(rdapPromises)).then(function(results) {
          // Take first successful result
          for (var ri = 0; ri < results.length; ri++) {
            if (results[ri] !== null) return results[ri];
          }
          return { status: "warning", exists: false, has_policy: false };
        });
      })();

      // 22. IXP Route Server Participation (Bug 5 fix: fair scoring for bilateral peering)
      // Always use asn= for netixlan (more reliable than net_id when PDB rate-limits)
      var ixRsQueryUrl = "/netixlan?asn=" + rawAsn;
      {
        validationPromises.ix_route_server = fetchPeeringDB(ixRsQueryUrl).then(function(ixData) {
          var connections = ixData && ixData.data ? ixData.data : [];
          var rsParticipants = connections.filter(function(c) { return c.is_rs_peer === true; });
          var totalIx = connections.length;
          var rsCount = rsParticipants.length;
          var rsPct = totalIx > 0 ? Math.round((rsCount / totalIx) * 100) : 0;
          var status, note;

          if (totalIx > 0 && rsCount > 0) {
            // Using route servers - good
            status = "pass";
            note = rsCount + " of " + totalIx + " IX connections use route servers (" + rsPct + "%)";
          } else if (totalIx >= 10 && rsCount === 0) {
            // Network with 10+ IX connections but no RS = deliberate bilateral peering policy
            status = "pass";
            note = "Bilateral peering policy — " + totalIx + " IX connections, all bilateral (no route server usage)";
          } else if (totalIx < 3 && rsCount === 0) {
            // Very small IX presence and no RS
            status = "warning";
            note = "Only " + totalIx + " IX connection(s) and no route server usage";
          } else {
            // Small-medium network (3-9 IX) without RS - informational
            status = "info";
            note = totalIx + " IX connections without route server usage — consider enabling RS for broader reachability";
          }

          return { status: status, total_ix_connections: totalIx, rs_peer_count: rsCount, rs_peer_pct: rsPct, note: note };
        }).catch(function(e) { return { status: "error", error: String(e) }; });
      }

      // 23. Resource Certification (local RPKI validation - all prefixes, all RIRs)
      validationPromises.resource_cert = Promise.all(
        allPrefixes.map(function(pfx) { return validateRPKIWithCache(rawAsn, pfx); })
      ).then(function(results) {
        var checked = results.filter(function(r) { return r.status !== "unavailable"; });
        var hasRoa = checked.some(function(r) { return r.status === "valid" || r.validating_roas > 0; });
        var allUnavailable = results.length > 0 && checked.length === 0;
        return { status: allUnavailable ? "info" : hasRoa ? "pass" : "fail", has_roas: hasRoa, checked: checked.length, roa_count: checked.filter(function(r) { return r.status === "valid"; }).length };
      }).catch(function(e) { return { status: "error", error: String(e) }; });

      // Geolocation cross-ref with PeeringDB facilities
      var facCountriesPromise = netId
        ? fetchPeeringDB("/netfac?net_id=" + netId).then(function(facData) {
            return (facData && facData.data ? facData.data : []).map(function(f) { return f.country; }).filter(Boolean);
          }).catch(function() { return []; })
        : Promise.resolve([]);

      // Run all validations in parallel — 5s cap per check, total validate bounded to ~10s
      var keys = Object.keys(validationPromises);
      var promises = keys.map(function(k) {
        return Promise.race([
          validationPromises[k],
          new Promise(function(resolve) { setTimeout(function() { resolve({ status: "info", message: "timed out" }); }, 5000); }),
        ]);
      });
      var settled = await Promise.allSettled(promises);
      var facCountries = await facCountriesPromise;

      var validations = {};
      keys.forEach(function(key, i) {
        if (settled[i].status === "fulfilled") {
          validations[key] = settled[i].value;
        } else {
          validations[key] = { status: "error", error: settled[i].reason ? String(settled[i].reason) : "Unknown error" };
        }
      });

      // Enrich geolocation (Bug 4 fix: handle anycast/CDN/global networks)
      if (validations.geolocation && validations.geolocation.status !== "error") {
        var uniqueFacCountries = {};
        facCountries.forEach(function(c) { uniqueFacCountries[c] = true; });
        var facCountryCount = Object.keys(uniqueFacCountries).length;
        validations.geolocation.pdb_facility_countries = Object.keys(uniqueFacCountries);
        var geoSet = {};
        (validations.geolocation.geo_countries || []).forEach(function(c) { geoSet[c] = true; });
        var geoCountryCount = Object.keys(geoSet).length;
        var mismatches = Object.keys(geoSet).filter(function(c) { return !uniqueFacCountries[c] && facCountryCount > 0; });
        validations.geolocation.country_mismatches = mismatches;

        // Detect global/anycast networks: 5+ facility countries OR Content/NSP type
        var netInfoType = (net.info_type || "").toLowerCase();
        var isGlobalNetwork = facCountryCount >= 5 || netInfoType === "content" || netInfoType === "nsp";
        if (isGlobalNetwork) {
          // Global/anycast/CDN network: geo mismatches are expected, not anomalies
          validations.geolocation.status = "pass";
          if (geoCountryCount === 0) {
            validations.geolocation.note = "Global network (" + facCountryCount + " countries, type: " + (net.info_type || "N/A") + ") - no MaxMind geolocation data available";
          } else {
            validations.geolocation.note = "Global/anycast network - multi-country presence expected (" + facCountryCount + " facility countries, type: " + (net.info_type || "N/A") + ")";
          }
          validations.geolocation.country_mismatches = [];
        } else if (facCountryCount <= 2 && geoCountryCount >= 10) {
          // Actual anomaly: small network appearing in many countries
          validations.geolocation.status = "warning";
          validations.geolocation.note = "Prefixes geolocated in " + geoCountryCount + " countries but only " + facCountryCount + " facility countries - possible hijack or misconfiguration";
        }
      }

      validations.bogon = bogonResult;

      // Calculate overall health score (0-100)
      var checks = [
        { key: "bogon", weight: 15 },
        { key: "irr", weight: 10 },
        { key: "rpki_completeness", weight: 15 },
        { key: "abuse_contact", weight: 5 },
        { key: "blocklist", weight: 15 },
        { key: "manrs", weight: 5 },
        { key: "rdns", weight: 5 },
        { key: "visibility", weight: 10 },
        { key: "rpsl", weight: 5 },
        { key: "ix_route_server", weight: 5 },
        { key: "resource_cert", weight: 10 },
      ];

      var totalWeight = 0;
      var earnedScore = 0;
      var checkResults = [];

      checks.forEach(function(c) {
        var v = validations[c.key];
        var points = 0;
        if (v && v.status === "info") {
          // "info" = unable to verify (e.g. API auth required) — exclude from scoring
          checkResults.push({ check: c.key, weight: c.weight, earned: 0, status: "info" });
          return;
        }
        if (v && v.status === "pass") points = c.weight;
        else if (v && v.status === "warning") points = Math.round(c.weight * 0.5);
        totalWeight += c.weight;
        earnedScore += points;
        checkResults.push({ check: c.key, weight: c.weight, earned: points, status: v ? v.status : "error" });
      });

      var healthScore = totalWeight > 0 ? Math.round((earnedScore / totalWeight) * 100) : 0;
      var duration = Date.now() - start;

      // Build relationships from neighbour data
      var relNeighbours = neighbourData && neighbourData.data && neighbourData.data.neighbour_counts
        ? neighbourData.data.neighbour_counts : {};
      var relList = neighbourData && neighbourData.data && neighbourData.data.neighbours
        ? neighbourData.data.neighbours : [];
      var relUpstreams = relList.filter(function(n) { return n.type === "left"; })
        .sort(function(a, b) { return (b.power || 0) - (a.power || 0); })
        .slice(0, 20)
        .map(function(n) { return { asn: n.asn, power: n.power || 0, v4_peers: n.v4_peers || 0, v6_peers: n.v6_peers || 0 }; });
      var relDownstreams = relList.filter(function(n) { return n.type === "right"; })
        .sort(function(a, b) { return (b.power || 0) - (a.power || 0); })
        .slice(0, 20)
        .map(function(n) { return { asn: n.asn, power: n.power || 0, v4_peers: n.v4_peers || 0, v6_peers: n.v6_peers || 0 }; });
      var relPeers = relList.filter(function(n) { return n.type === "uncertain"; })
        .sort(function(a, b) { return (b.power || 0) - (a.power || 0); })
        .slice(0, 30)
        .map(function(n) { return { asn: n.asn, power: n.power || 0, v4_peers: n.v4_peers || 0, v6_peers: n.v6_peers || 0 }; });

      const validateResult = {
        meta: { query: "AS" + rawAsn, duration_ms: duration, timestamp: new Date().toISOString(), total_prefixes: allPrefixes.length, prefixes_sampled: samplePrefixes.length },
        asn: targetAsn,
        name: net.name || (overviewData && overviewData.data ? overviewData.data.holder : "") || "Unknown",
        health_score: healthScore,
        score_breakdown: checkResults,
        validations: validations,
        relationships: {
          counts: { upstreams: relNeighbours.left || relUpstreams.length, downstreams: relNeighbours.right || relDownstreams.length, peers: relNeighbours.unique || relPeers.length, uncertain: relNeighbours.uncertain || 0 },
          upstreams: relUpstreams,
          downstreams: relDownstreams,
          top_peers: relPeers,
          source: "RIPE Stat asn-neighbours",
          note: "left=upstream providers, right=downstream customers, uncertain=peers. Sorted by power score.",
        },
      };
      // Cache 0-prefix results only briefly (90s) — they may be due to temporary API failures
      // Full results with prefixes are cached for the standard 15 minutes
      const validateCacheTTL = allPrefixes.length === 0 ? 90 * 1000 : RESULT_CACHE_TTL;
      resultCacheSet(validateResultCache, rawAsn, validateResult, validateCacheTTL);
      return res.end(JSON.stringify(validateResult, null, 2));
    } catch (err) {
      res.writeHead(500);
      return res.end(JSON.stringify({ error: "Validation failed", message: err.message }));
    }
  }

  // ============================================================
  // Main lookup endpoint: /api/lookup?asn=X
  // ============================================================
  if (reqPath === "/api/lookup") {
    const rawAsn = (url.searchParams.get("asn") || "").replace(/[^0-9]/g, "");
    if (!rawAsn) {
      res.writeHead(400);
      return res.end(JSON.stringify({ error: "Missing or invalid ASN parameter" }));
    }
    const asn = rawAsn;
    const cacheKey = "lookup:" + asn;
    const cached = cacheGet(cacheKey);
    if (cached) {
      res.writeHead(200, { "Content-Type": "application/json", "X-Cache": "HIT" });
      return res.end(JSON.stringify(cached));
    }
    const start = Date.now();

    try {
      // Phase 0: Get PDB net first — check L2 cache, then API with retry
      let pdbNet = pdbSourceCache.get("net", asn);
      if (!pdbNet) {
        pdbNet = await fetchPeeringDBWithRetry("/net?asn=" + asn);
        if (pdbNet) pdbSourceCache.set("net", asn, pdbNet);
      }
      const net = pdbNet?.data?.[0] || {};
      const netId = net.id;

      // Phase 1: ALL calls in parallel — RIPE Stat (cached+throttled) + PDB IX/Fac (cached) + Atlas + bgp.he.net
      const ixQuery = netId
        ? "/netixlan?net_id=" + netId + "&limit=1000"
        : "/netixlan?asn=" + asn + "&limit=1000";
      const ixCacheKey = netId ? String(netId) : "asn:" + asn;

      // Check PDB source cache for IX/Fac data
      let cachedIxlan = pdbSourceCache.get("netixlan", ixCacheKey);
      let cachedFac = netId ? pdbSourceCache.get("netfac", String(netId)) : null;

      // Per-source timing tracking — 9s hard cap per source to prevent long-tail blocking
      const sourceTiming = {};
      function timedFetch(name, promise) {
        const ts = Date.now();
        return Promise.race([
          Promise.resolve(promise),
          new Promise(function(r) { setTimeout(function() { r(null); }, 9000); }),
        ])
          .then(function(r)  { sourceTiming[name] = Date.now() - ts; return r; })
          .catch(function() { sourceTiming[name] = null; return null; });
      }

      const pocQuery = netId ? "/poc?net_id=" + netId + "&limit=25" : null;

      // RDAP: check module-level cache first, only hit RIR endpoints on cache miss
      const rdapCached = rdapCacheGet(asn);
      const rdapPromise = rdapCached !== undefined
        ? Promise.resolve(rdapCached)
        : Promise.race([
            ...["https://rdap.db.ripe.net/autnum/"+asn, "https://rdap.arin.net/registry/autnum/"+asn,
                "https://rdap.apnic.net/autnum/"+asn, "https://rdap.lacnic.net/rdap/autnum/"+asn,
                "https://rdap.afrinic.net/rdap/autnum/"+asn].map(url =>
              fetchJSON(url, { timeout: 4000 })
                .then(d => (d && !d.errorCode && d.handle) ? d : new Promise(() => {}))
                .catch(() => new Promise(() => {}))
            ),
            new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(() => resolve(null), 5000)),
          ]).then(d => { rdapCacheSet(asn, d); return d; });

      const promises = [
        timedFetch("RIPE Stat Prefixes",    localDb ? localDb.getRipeStatAnnouncedPrefixes(asn) : Promise.resolve(null)),
        timedFetch("RIPE Stat Neighbours",  localDb ? localDb.getRipeStatAsnNeighbours(asn) : Promise.resolve(null)),
        timedFetch("RIPE Stat Overview",    localDb ? localDb.getRipeStatAsOverview(asn) : Promise.resolve(null)),
        timedFetch("RIPE Stat RIR",         Promise.resolve(null)),
        timedFetch("RIPE Atlas",            Promise.resolve(null)),
        timedFetch("bgp.he.net",            Promise.resolve(null)),
        timedFetch("RIPE Stat Visibility",  localDb ? localDb.getRipeStatVisibility(asn) : Promise.resolve(null)),
        timedFetch("RIPE Stat PrefixSize",  localDb ? localDb.getRipeStatPrefixSizeDistribution(asn) : Promise.resolve(null)),
        timedFetch("PeeringDB IXLan",       cachedIxlan ? Promise.resolve(cachedIxlan) : fetchPeeringDBWithRetry(ixQuery)),
        timedFetch("PeeringDB Facilities",  cachedFac ? Promise.resolve(cachedFac) : (netId ? fetchPeeringDBWithRetry("/netfac?net_id=" + netId + "&limit=1000") : Promise.resolve(null))),
        timedFetch("PeeringDB Contacts",    pocQuery ? fetchPeeringDB(pocQuery).catch(() => null) : Promise.resolve(null)),
        timedFetch("RDAP Registration",     rdapPromise),
      ];
      const [prefixData, neighbourData, overviewData, rirData, atlasProbeData, bgpHeData, visibilityData, prefixSizeData, ixlanData, facData, pocData, rdapData] = await Promise.all(promises);

      // Store PDB results in L2 source cache for future lookups
      if (!cachedIxlan && ixlanData) pdbSourceCache.set("netixlan", ixCacheKey, ixlanData);
      if (!cachedFac && facData) pdbSourceCache.set("netfac", String(netId), facData);

      // local-db-client's getRipeStat* functions return status:"error" (not "ok") when
      // the local Postgres DB query itself failed -- track which sources actually
      // failed so we don't cache a DB hiccup's fake-empty result as if it were a
      // genuine "this ASN has 0 prefixes" answer for the full 5-minute TTL.
      const degradedSources = [
        ["RIPE Stat Prefixes", prefixData], ["RIPE Stat Neighbours", neighbourData],
        ["RIPE Stat Overview", overviewData], ["RIPE Stat Visibility", visibilityData],
        ["RIPE Stat PrefixSize", prefixSizeData],
      ].filter(([, v]) => v && v.status === "error").map(([name]) => name);

      const prefixes = prefixData?.data?.prefixes || [];
      const neighbours = neighbourData?.data?.neighbours || [];
      const overview = overviewData?.data || {};
      const rirEntries = rirData?.data?.located_resources || rirData?.data?.rir_stats || [];

      // Bug 6 fix: Atlas probe status uses status.name (object), not status_name (flat)
      const atlasProbes = atlasProbeData?.results || [];
      const atlasConnected = atlasProbes.filter(p => {
        const sName = (p.status_name || (p.status && p.status.name) || "").toLowerCase();
        return sName === "connected";
      });
      const atlasAnchors = atlasProbes.filter(p => p.is_anchor === true);

      // RPKI: validate ALL prefixes using local Cloudflare RPKI data (all 5 RIRs, instant)
      await ensureAspaCache();
      const allPrefixes = prefixes.map((p) => p.prefix);
      const rpkiAllResults = await Promise.all(allPrefixes.map((pfx) => validateRPKIWithCache(asn, pfx)));

      const ixConnections = (ixlanData?.data || [])
        .map((ix) => ({
          ix_name: ix.name || "",
          ix_id: ix.ix_id,
          speed_mbps: ix.speed || 0,
          ipv4: ix.ipaddr4 || null,
          ipv6: ix.ipaddr6 || null,
          city: ix.city || "",
          is_rs_peer: ix.is_rs_peer === true,
        }))
        .sort((a, b) => b.speed_mbps - a.speed_mbps);

      const facilitiesRaw = (facData?.data || []).map((f) => ({
        fac_id: f.fac_id,
        name: f.name || "",
        city: f.city || "",
        country: f.country || "",
      }));

      // Batch-fetch facility coordinates for map (max 50 facilities)
      const facIds = facilitiesRaw.map(f => f.fac_id).filter(Boolean).slice(0, 50);
      let facCoordMap = {};
      if (facIds.length > 0) {
        try {
          const chunks = [];
          for (let i = 0; i < facIds.length; i += 25) chunks.push(facIds.slice(i, i + 25));
          const coordResults = await Promise.race([
            Promise.all(chunks.map(chunk =>
              fetchPeeringDB("/fac?id__in=" + chunk.join(",") + "&fields=id,latitude,longitude").catch(() => null)
            )),
            new Promise(r => setTimeout(() => r([]), 5000))
          ]);
          (coordResults || []).forEach(res => {
            (res?.data || []).forEach(f => { if (f.latitude && f.longitude) facCoordMap[f.id] = { lat: f.latitude, lon: f.longitude }; });
          });
        } catch(e) { /* graceful degradation */ }
      }
      const facilities = facilitiesRaw.map(f => ({
        ...f,
        latitude: facCoordMap[f.fac_id] ? facCoordMap[f.fac_id].lat : null,
        longitude: facCoordMap[f.fac_id] ? facCoordMap[f.fac_id].lon : null,
      }));

      // Get IX locations for map via ixfac -> fac coordinates (max 20 IXs)
      const uniqueIxIds = [...new Set(ixConnections.map(c => c.ix_id))].filter(Boolean).slice(0, 20);
      let ixLocations = [];
      if (uniqueIxIds.length > 0) {
        try {
          const ixFacData = await Promise.race([
            fetchPeeringDB("/ixfac?ix_id__in=" + uniqueIxIds.join(",")),
            new Promise(r => setTimeout(() => r(null), 5000))
          ]);
          const ixFacs = ixFacData?.data || [];
          // Collect unique fac_ids we don't already have coords for
          const extraFacIds = [...new Set(ixFacs.map(f => f.fac_id).filter(id => id && !facCoordMap[id]))].slice(0, 30);
          if (extraFacIds.length > 0) {
            const extraChunks = [];
            for (let i = 0; i < extraFacIds.length; i += 25) extraChunks.push(extraFacIds.slice(i, i + 25));
            const extraRes = await Promise.race([
              Promise.all(extraChunks.map(chunk =>
                fetchPeeringDB("/fac?id__in=" + chunk.join(",") + "&fields=id,latitude,longitude").catch(() => null)
              )),
              new Promise(r => setTimeout(() => r([]), 4000))
            ]);
            (extraRes || []).forEach(res => {
              (res?.data || []).forEach(f => { if (f.latitude && f.longitude) facCoordMap[f.id] = { lat: f.latitude, lon: f.longitude }; });
            });
          }
          // Build IX locations: pick first facility with coords per IX
          const ixNameMap = {};
          ixConnections.forEach(c => { if (c.ix_id && c.ix_name) ixNameMap[c.ix_id] = c.ix_name; });
          const seenIx = {};
          ixFacs.forEach(f => {
            if (seenIx[f.ix_id]) return;
            const coords = facCoordMap[f.fac_id];
            if (coords) {
              seenIx[f.ix_id] = true;
              ixLocations.push({ ix_id: f.ix_id, name: ixNameMap[f.ix_id] || f.name || "", city: f.city || "", country: f.country || "", latitude: coords.lat, longitude: coords.lon });
            }
          });
        } catch(e) { /* graceful degradation */ }
      }

      const rpkiStatuses = rpkiAllResults;
      const rpkiValid = rpkiStatuses.filter((r) => r.status === "valid").length;
      const rpkiInvalid = rpkiStatuses.filter((r) => r.status === "invalid").length;
      const rpkiUnavailable = rpkiStatuses.filter((r) => r.status === "unavailable").length;
      const rpkiNotFound = rpkiStatuses.filter((r) => r.status !== "valid" && r.status !== "invalid" && r.status !== "unavailable").length;
      // Exclude "unavailable" (DB error) from the coverage denominator -- a DB hiccup
      // must not lower a network's displayed RPKI coverage percentage.
      const rpkiTotal = rpkiStatuses.length - rpkiUnavailable;
      const rpkiCoverage = rpkiTotal > 0 ? Math.round((rpkiValid / rpkiTotal) * 100) : 0;

      let upstreams = neighbours
        .filter((n) => n.type === "left")
        .map((n) => ({ asn: n.asn, name: n.as_name || "", power: n.power || 0 }))
        .sort((a, b) => b.power - a.power);
      let downstreams = neighbours
        .filter((n) => n.type === "right")
        .map((n) => ({ asn: n.asn, name: n.as_name || "", power: n.power || 0 }))
        .sort((a, b) => b.power - a.power);
      let peers = neighbours
        .filter((n) => n.type === "uncertain" || n.type === "peer")
        .map((n) => ({ asn: n.asn, name: n.as_name || "", power: n.power || 0 }))
        .sort((a, b) => b.power - a.power);

      // Resolve empty AS names — all in parallel, with 3s timeout
      const emptyNameNeighbours = [...upstreams, ...downstreams, ...peers].filter(n => !n.name);
      if (emptyNameNeighbours.length > 0) {
        const resolvePromise = Promise.all(
          emptyNameNeighbours.map(n =>
            fetchRipeStatCached("https://stat.ripe.net/data/as-overview/data.json?resource=AS" + n.asn, { timeout: 3000 })
              .then(r => { if (r?.data?.holder) n.name = r.data.holder; })
              .catch(() => {})
          )
        );
        await Promise.race([resolvePromise, new Promise(r => setTimeout(r, 3000))]);
      }

      // ---- Threat Intelligence Enrichment for Neighbors ----
      // Enrich neighbor data with threat status from local threat_intel table
      const threatEnrichNeighbors = async (neighbors) => {
        const allNeighbors = [...neighbors];
        const threatMap = {};

        // Batch threat intel lookups (cap at 50 to avoid overwhelming DB)
        const toCheck = allNeighbors.slice(0, 50);
        const threatPromises = toCheck.map(async (n) => {
          try {
            // Try to get threat intel by AS number or typical AS IP pattern
            // For now, we'll mark neighbors without direct IP threat data
            const asNum = String(n.asn);
            const threat = await localDb.getThreatIntel(asNum);
            if (threat) {
              threatMap[n.asn] = {
                threat_level: threat.threat_level,
                confidence_score: threat.confidence_score,
                source: threat.source,
                cached_at: threat.cached_at,
              };
            }
          } catch (e) {
            // Gracefully skip on error
            console.error(`[Threat Lookup] Error checking ASN ${n.asn}:`, e.message);
          }
        });

        // Run threat lookups with 4s timeout
        await Promise.race([
          Promise.all(threatPromises),
          new Promise(r => setTimeout(r, 4000)),
        ]);

        return threatMap;
      };

      const threatMap = await threatEnrichNeighbors([...upstreams, ...downstreams, ...peers]);

      // Attach threat status to neighbor objects
      const addThreatToNeighbor = (n) => ({
        ...n,
        threat_level: threatMap[n.asn]?.threat_level || null,
        threat_confidence: threatMap[n.asn]?.confidence_score || null,
        threat_source: threatMap[n.asn]?.source || null,
      });

      upstreams = upstreams.map(addThreatToNeighbor);
      downstreams = downstreams.map(addThreatToNeighbor);
      peers = peers.map(addThreatToNeighbor);

      let rir = "";
      let country = "";
      // RIPE Stat rir-stats-country uses 'location' field (not 'country' or 'rir')
      if (Array.isArray(rirEntries) && rirEntries.length > 0) {
        country = rirEntries[0]?.location || rirEntries[0]?.country || "";
        rir = rirEntries[0]?.rir || "";
      }
      if (!rir && rirData?.data) {
        const rirField = rirData.data.rirs || [];
        if (rirField.length > 0) rir = rirField[0]?.rir || "";
      }
      // Derive RIR from rdapData.port43 (e.g. "whois.ripe.net" → "RIPE")
      if (!rir && rdapData && rdapData.port43) {
        const p43 = (rdapData.port43 || "").toLowerCase();
        if (p43.includes("ripe"))    rir = "RIPE";
        else if (p43.includes("arin"))    rir = "ARIN";
        else if (p43.includes("apnic"))   rir = "APNIC";
        else if (p43.includes("lacnic"))  rir = "LACNIC";
        else if (p43.includes("afrinic")) rir = "AFRINIC";
      }
      // Also derive RIR from RDAP links (URL of the RDAP endpoint that responded)
      if (!rir && rdapData && rdapData.links) {
        const selfLink = (rdapData.links.find(l => l.rel === "self") || {}).href || "";
        if (selfLink.includes("ripe"))    rir = "RIPE";
        else if (selfLink.includes("arin"))   rir = "ARIN";
        else if (selfLink.includes("apnic"))  rir = "APNIC";
        else if (selfLink.includes("lacnic")) rir = "LACNIC";
        else if (selfLink.includes("afrinic")) rir = "AFRINIC";
      }
      // bgp.he.net country_code fallback (for unannounced/reserve ASNs)
      if (!country && bgpHeData && bgpHeData.country_code) {
        country = bgpHeData.country_code;
      }
      // Last resort: derive RIR from country code (common assignments)
      if (!rir && country) {
        const { ARIN_CC, APNIC_CC, LACNIC_CC, AFRINIC_CC } = require("./server/data/rir-country-codes");
        if (ARIN_CC.has(country))    rir = "ARIN";
        else if (APNIC_CC.has(country))  rir = "APNIC";
        else if (LACNIC_CC.has(country)) rir = "LACNIC";
        else if (AFRINIC_CC.has(country)) rir = "AFRINIC";
        else                              rir = "RIPE";  // Europe + rest = RIPE NCC
      }

      const duration = Date.now() - start;

      // Compute routing visibility and prefix size distribution
      const routingInfo = await (async function() {
        const ipv4Prefixes = prefixes.filter(function(p) { return !p.prefix.includes(":"); });
        const ipv6Prefixes = prefixes.filter(function(p) { return p.prefix.includes(":"); });
        var ipv4VisAvg = 0, ipv6VisAvg = 0, totalRisPeersV4 = 0, totalRisPeersV6 = 0;

        // Visibility API returns per-RIS-collector data
        // Each collector has ipv4_full_table_peer_count and ipv4_full_table_peers_not_seeing[]
        // Bug 3 fix: visibility API may timeout for large ASNs — handle gracefully
        var visibilities = (visibilityData && visibilityData.data && visibilityData.data.visibilities) || [];
        var v4Seeing = 0, v4Total = 0, v6Seeing = 0, v6Total = 0;
        var visTimedOut = !visibilityData || !visibilityData.data;
        visibilities.forEach(function(v) {
          if (!v || !v.probe) return;
          var v4PeerCount = v.ipv4_full_table_peer_count || 0;
          var v4NotSeeing = (v.ipv4_full_table_peers_not_seeing || []).length;
          var v6PeerCount = v.ipv6_full_table_peer_count || 0;
          var v6NotSeeing = (v.ipv6_full_table_peers_not_seeing || []).length;
          v4Total += v4PeerCount;
          v4Seeing += (v4PeerCount - v4NotSeeing);
          v6Total += v6PeerCount;
          v6Seeing += (v6PeerCount - v6NotSeeing);
        });
        if (v4Total > 0) ipv4VisAvg = Math.round((v4Seeing / v4Total) * 1000) / 10;
        if (v6Total > 0) ipv6VisAvg = Math.round((v6Seeing / v6Total) * 1000) / 10;
        // If visibility API timed out but we have prefixes, try bgproutes.io fallback
        if (visTimedOut && prefixes.length > 0) {
          var fallbackPrefix = prefixes.find(function(p) { return !p.prefix.includes(":"); });
          if (!fallbackPrefix) fallbackPrefix = prefixes[0];
          if (fallbackPrefix) {
            var bgprFallback = await fetchBgproutesVisibility(fallbackPrefix.prefix);
            if (bgprFallback && bgprFallback.vps_seeing > 0) {
              // Estimate visibility: % of VPs seeing the prefix (assume ~300 total RIS-equivalent VPs)
              var estimatedTotal = Math.max(bgprFallback.vps_seeing, 300);
              ipv4VisAvg = Math.round((bgprFallback.vps_seeing / estimatedTotal) * 1000) / 10;
              ipv6VisAvg = -1; // bgproutes fallback is per-prefix, not per-AF aggregate
              totalRisPeersV4 = bgprFallback.vps_seeing;
              console.log("[Visibility] RIPE Stat timed out, used bgproutes.io fallback for " + fallbackPrefix.prefix + ": " + bgprFallback.vps_seeing + " VPs seeing it");
            } else {
              ipv4VisAvg = -1;
              ipv6VisAvg = -1;
              console.log("[Visibility] RIPE Stat timed out and bgproutes.io fallback returned no data");
            }
          } else {
            ipv4VisAvg = -1;
            ipv6VisAvg = -1;
          }
        }
        totalRisPeersV4 = v4Total;
        totalRisPeersV6 = v6Total;

        // Prefix size distribution: data.ipv4[] and data.ipv6[] arrays with {size, count}
        var psdData = (prefixSizeData && prefixSizeData.data) || {};
        var psV4 = (psdData.ipv4 || []).map(function(e) { return { size: e.size, count: e.count }; }).sort(function(a,b){ return a.size - b.size; });
        var psV6 = (psdData.ipv6 || []).map(function(e) { return { size: e.size, count: e.count }; }).sort(function(a,b){ return a.size - b.size; });

        return {
          ipv4_prefixes: ipv4Prefixes.length,
          ipv6_prefixes: ipv6Prefixes.length,
          ipv4_visibility_avg: ipv4VisAvg,
          ipv6_visibility_avg: ipv6VisAvg,
          total_ris_peers_v4: totalRisPeersV4,
          total_ris_peers_v6: totalRisPeersV6,
          prefix_sizes_v4: psV4,
          prefix_sizes_v6: psV6,
        };
      })();

      // ============================================================
      // Multi-source cross-checks (run in parallel, non-blocking)
      // ============================================================
      let rpkiCrossCheck = { cloudflare_valid: 0, ripe_valid: 0, agreement_pct: null, disagreements: [], sample_size: 0, comparable_size: 0 };
      let prefixCrossCheck = { ripe_stat: prefixes.length, bgp_he_net: null, agreement: null, note: "" };
      let neighbourCrossCheck = { ripe_stat_total: neighbours.length, bgp_he_net_total: null };

      try {
        // RPKI cross-check: sample up to 5 prefixes against RIPE Validator (with 8s total timeout)
        const rpkiCrossPromise = crossCheckRpki(asn, allPrefixes, rpkiStatuses);
        const rpkiCrossResult = await Promise.race([
          rpkiCrossPromise,
          new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(() => resolve(null), 8000)),
        ]);
        if (rpkiCrossResult) rpkiCrossCheck = rpkiCrossResult;
      } catch (_e) { /* cross-check failed, keep defaults */ }

      // bgp.he.net fetching is deliberately disabled (see the hardcoded
      // Promise.resolve(null) a few hundred lines up, "bgp.he.net" timedFetch) --
      // bgpHeData is therefore always null and this whole branch, along with the
      // prefix/neighbour cross-checks below, never actually runs. Left in place
      // (not deleted) in case bgp.he.net fetching is re-enabled later, but
      // overall_confidence below must not claim a 2-source agreement that never
      // happened -- see the sources:1/2 handling further down.
      // Prefix count cross-check: compare RIPE Stat vs bgp.he.net
      if (bgpHeData) {
        const heV4 = bgpHeData.prefixes_v4 || 0;
        const heV6 = bgpHeData.prefixes_v6 || 0;
        const heTotal = heV4 + heV6;
        if (heTotal > 0) {
          prefixCrossCheck.bgp_he_net = heTotal;
          const ripeStat = prefixes.length;
          if (ripeStat > 0 && heTotal > 0) {
            const ratio = Math.min(ripeStat, heTotal) / Math.max(ripeStat, heTotal);
            prefixCrossCheck.agreement = ratio >= 0.9;
            const diff = Math.abs(ripeStat - heTotal);
            prefixCrossCheck.note = diff === 0
              ? "Exact match"
              : "Difference of " + diff + " prefixes (" + Math.round((1 - ratio) * 100) + "% divergence)";
          }
        } else {
          prefixCrossCheck.note = "bgp.he.net prefix count unavailable";
        }

        // Neighbour cross-check: compare RIPE Stat vs bgp.he.net peer_count
        if (bgpHeData.peer_count != null) {
          neighbourCrossCheck.bgp_he_net_total = bgpHeData.peer_count;
        }
      } else {
        prefixCrossCheck.note = "bgp.he.net data unavailable";
      }

      // Compute overall data quality. Only push a score for a cross-check that
      // actually ran (agreement_pct !== null) -- an unrun/inconclusive check must
      // not silently count as a perfect 100 in the average, and confidence must
      // reflect "nothing was actually cross-checked" rather than defaulting high.
      const crossCheckScores = [];
      if (rpkiCrossCheck.agreement_pct !== null) crossCheckScores.push(rpkiCrossCheck.agreement_pct);
      // Prefix agreement: convert to percentage
      if (prefixCrossCheck.bgp_he_net != null && prefixes.length > 0) {
        const pfxRatio = Math.min(prefixes.length, prefixCrossCheck.bgp_he_net) / Math.max(prefixes.length, prefixCrossCheck.bgp_he_net);
        crossCheckScores.push(Math.round(pfxRatio * 100));
      }
      // Neighbour agreement
      if (neighbourCrossCheck.bgp_he_net_total != null && neighbours.length > 0) {
        const nbrRatio = Math.min(neighbours.length, neighbourCrossCheck.bgp_he_net_total) / Math.max(neighbours.length, neighbourCrossCheck.bgp_he_net_total);
        crossCheckScores.push(Math.round(nbrRatio * 100));
      }
      const avgAgreement = crossCheckScores.length > 0
        ? Math.round(crossCheckScores.reduce((a, b) => a + b, 0) / crossCheckScores.length)
        : null;
      const overallConfidence = avgAgreement === null ? "unknown" : avgAgreement > 90 ? "high" : avgAgreement >= 70 ? "medium" : "low";

      const dataQuality = {
        sources_queried: ["PeeringDB", "RIPE Stat", "bgp.he.net", "Cloudflare RPKI", "RIPE RPKI Validator"],
        cross_checks: {
          rpki: { sources: rpkiCrossCheck.agreement_pct !== null ? 2 : 1, agreement_pct: rpkiCrossCheck.agreement_pct, sample_size: rpkiCrossCheck.sample_size, comparable_size: rpkiCrossCheck.comparable_size, disagreements: rpkiCrossCheck.disagreements },
          prefixes: { sources: prefixCrossCheck.bgp_he_net != null ? 2 : 1, agreement_pct: prefixCrossCheck.bgp_he_net != null ? Math.round((Math.min(prefixes.length, prefixCrossCheck.bgp_he_net) / Math.max(prefixes.length, prefixCrossCheck.bgp_he_net || 1)) * 100) : null, ripe_stat: prefixCrossCheck.ripe_stat, bgp_he_net: prefixCrossCheck.bgp_he_net, note: prefixCrossCheck.note },
          neighbours: { sources: neighbourCrossCheck.bgp_he_net_total != null ? 2 : 1, agreement_pct: neighbourCrossCheck.bgp_he_net_total != null && neighbours.length > 0 ? Math.round((Math.min(neighbours.length, neighbourCrossCheck.bgp_he_net_total) / Math.max(neighbours.length, neighbourCrossCheck.bgp_he_net_total)) * 100) : null, ripe_stat_total: neighbourCrossCheck.ripe_stat_total, bgp_he_net_total: neighbourCrossCheck.bgp_he_net_total },
        },
        overall_confidence: overallConfidence,
        overall_agreement_pct: avgAgreement,
      };

      // === IX Location Geocode Fallback ===
      // Some IXPs have no facility coordinates in PeeringDB.
      // Use ix_name city extraction + hard-coded IX→city map as fallback.
      var ixIdsWithCoords = new Set(ixLocations.map(function(l) { return l.ix_id; }));
      ixConnections.forEach(function(conn) {
        if (ixIdsWithCoords.has(conn.ix_id)) return;
        var name = conn.ix_name || "";
        if (name) {
          var words = name.toLowerCase().replace(/[^a-z\s]/g, " ").split(/\s+/).filter(Boolean);
          for (var w = 0; w < words.length; w++) {
            if (CITY_COORDS[words[w]]) {
              ixLocations.push({ ix_id: conn.ix_id, name: name, city: words[w].charAt(0).toUpperCase() + words[w].slice(1), country: "", latitude: CITY_COORDS[words[w]][0], longitude: CITY_COORDS[words[w]][1], source: "name_geocode" });
              ixIdsWithCoords.add(conn.ix_id);
              return;
            }
            if (w < words.length - 1) {
              var tw = words[w] + " " + words[w + 1];
              if (CITY_COORDS[tw]) {
                ixLocations.push({ ix_id: conn.ix_id, name: name, city: tw, country: "", latitude: CITY_COORDS[tw][0], longitude: CITY_COORDS[tw][1], source: "name_geocode" });
                ixIdsWithCoords.add(conn.ix_id);
                return;
              }
            }
          }
        }
      });
      // Hard-coded IX ID → city for well-known IXPs whose names don't contain city
      var { IX_CITY_MAP } = require("./server/data/ix-city-map");
      ixConnections.forEach(function(conn) {
        if (ixIdsWithCoords.has(conn.ix_id)) return;
        var city = IX_CITY_MAP[conn.ix_id];
        if (city && CITY_COORDS[city]) {
          ixLocations.push({ ix_id: conn.ix_id, name: conn.ix_name || ("IX " + conn.ix_id), city: city.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + city.slice(1), country: "", latitude: CITY_COORDS[city][0], longitude: CITY_COORDS[city][1], source: "ix_city_map" });
        }
      });

      const result = {
        meta: {
          service: "PeerCortex",
          version: "0.6.9",
          query: "AS" + asn,
          duration_ms: duration,
          sources: ["PeeringDB", "RIPE Stat", "bgp.he.net", "Cloudflare RPKI", "RIPE RPKI Validator", "Route Views"],
          timestamp: new Date().toISOString(),
          rpki_prefixes_checked: rpkiTotal,
          total_prefixes: prefixes.length,
          degraded_sources: degradedSources,
        },
        network: {
          asn: parseInt(asn),
          name: net.name || overview?.holder || (bgpHeData && bgpHeData.name_from_title) || "Unknown",
          aka: net.aka || "",
          org_name: (net.org && net.org.name) ? net.org.name : "",
          website: net.website || "",
          type: net.info_type || "",
          policy: net.policy_general || "",
          traffic: net.info_traffic || "",
          ratio: net.info_ratio || "",
          scope: net.info_scope || "",
          notes: net.notes ? net.notes.substring(0, 500) : "",
          peeringdb_id: netId || null,
          rir: rir,
          country: country,
          city: net.city || "",
          latitude: (net.latitude != null) ? net.latitude : null,
          longitude: (net.longitude != null) ? net.longitude : null,
          looking_glass: net.looking_glass || "",
          route_server: net.route_server || "",
          info_prefixes4: net.info_prefixes4 || 0,
          info_prefixes6: net.info_prefixes6 || 0,
          status: net.status || "",
          peeringdb_created: net.created ? net.created.slice(0, 10) : "",
          peeringdb_updated: net.updated ? net.updated.slice(0, 10) : "",
        },
        prefixes: {
          total: prefixes.length,
          ipv4: prefixes.filter((p) => !p.prefix.includes(":")).length,
          ipv6: prefixes.filter((p) => p.prefix.includes(":")).length,
          list: prefixes.map((p) => p.prefix),
          cross_check: prefixCrossCheck,
        },
        rpki: {
          coverage_percent: rpkiCoverage,
          valid: rpkiValid,
          invalid: rpkiInvalid,
          not_found: rpkiNotFound,
          unavailable: rpkiUnavailable,
          checked: rpkiTotal,
          details: rpkiStatuses,
          cross_check: rpkiCrossCheck,
        },
        neighbours: {
          total: neighbours.length,
          upstream_count: upstreams.length,
          downstream_count: downstreams.length,
          peer_count: peers.length,
          upstreams: upstreams.slice(0, 20),
          downstreams: downstreams.slice(0, 20),
          peers: peers.slice(0, 20),
          cross_check: neighbourCrossCheck,
        },
        ix_presence: {
          total_connections: ixConnections.length,
          unique_ixps: [...new Set(ixConnections.map((ix) => ix.ix_id))].length,
          connections: ixConnections,
        },
        ix_locations: ixLocations,
        facilities: {
          total: facilities.length,
          list: facilities,
        },
        routing: routingInfo,
        resilience_score: computeResilienceScore(upstreams, peers, ixConnections, prefixes),
        route_leak: computeRouteLeakDetection(upstreams, downstreams, peers),
        bgp_he_net: bgpHeData || null,
        atlas: {
          total_probes: atlasProbes.length,
          connected: atlasConnected.length,
          disconnected: atlasProbes.length - atlasConnected.length,
          anchors: atlasAnchors.length,
          probes: atlasProbes.slice(0, 100).map(p => ({
            id: p.id,
            status: p.status_name || p.status || "Unknown",
            is_anchor: p.is_anchor || false,
            country: p.country_code || "",
            prefix_v4: p.prefix_v4 || "",
            prefix_v6: p.prefix_v6 || "",
            description: p.description || "",
          })),
        },
        data_quality: dataQuality,
        source_timing: sourceTiming,
        contacts: (() => {
          const pocs = (pocData && pocData.data) ? pocData.data : [];
          return pocs.slice(0, 20).map(p => ({
            role: p.role || "",
            name: p.name || "",
            email: p.email || "",
            url: p.url || "",
            visible: p.visible || "",
          }));
        })(),
        registration: (() => {
          const events = (rdapData && rdapData.events) ? rdapData.events : [];
          const created   = (events.find(e => e.eventAction === "registration")  || {}).eventDate || "";
          const lastChg   = (events.find(e => e.eventAction === "last changed")  || {}).eventDate || "";
          return {
            created:       created   ? created.slice(0, 10)   : "",
            last_modified: lastChg   ? lastChg.slice(0, 10)   : "",
            rir:           rir       || "",
            handle:        (rdapData && rdapData.handle) ? rdapData.handle : ("AS" + asn),
            rdap_source:   (rdapData && rdapData.port43) ? rdapData.port43 : "",
          };
        })(),
        _provenance: {
          prefixes:       { source: "RIPE Stat announced-prefixes", validation: "cross-validated", confidence: "high",   note: "Cross-checked with bgp.he.net prefix count daily" },
          neighbours:     { source: "RIPE Stat asn-neighbours",     validation: "cross-validated", confidence: "high",   note: "Cross-checked with bgp.he.net peer count daily" },
          rpki:           { source: "Cloudflare RPKI + RIPE Validator", validation: "cross-validated", confidence: "high", note: "Two independent RPKI sources compared" },
          ix_presence:    { source: "PeeringDB netixlan (local mirror)", validation: "cross-validated", confidence: "high", note: "PeeringDB mirror refreshed daily" },
          facilities:     { source: "PeeringDB netfac (local mirror)",  validation: "single-source",  confidence: "medium" },
          bgp_he_net:     { source: "bgp.he.net HTML scrape",           validation: "single-source",  confidence: "medium", note: "HTML scrape, no official API — may have parsing drift" },
          atlas:          { source: "RIPE Atlas API",                   validation: "single-source",  confidence: "medium", note: "Probe availability varies by region" },
          resilience_score: { source: "Computed from RIPE Stat + PeeringDB", validation: "computed",  confidence: "high",   note: "All inputs cross-validated daily" },
          route_leak:     { source: "RIPE Stat asn-neighbours heuristic", validation: "heuristic",    confidence: "medium", note: "Pattern-based, not real-time — false positives possible" },
          registration:   { source: "RDAP (RIR registry)",              validation: "single-source",  confidence: "high" },
          contacts:       { source: "PeeringDB POC API",                validation: "single-source",  confidence: "medium", note: "Subject to PeeringDB rate limiting" },
        },
      };

      // Update duration to include cross-check time
      result.meta.duration_ms = Date.now() - start;

      // A DB hiccup shouldn't get cached as this ASN's answer for the full 5min --
      // retry soon instead of repeating a degraded result to every visitor.
      cacheSet(cacheKey, result, degradedSources.length > 0 ? CACHE_TTL_LOOKUP_DEGRADED : CACHE_TTL_LOOKUP);
      res.end(JSON.stringify(result, null, 2));
    } catch (err) {
      const duration = Date.now() - start;
      res.writeHead(500);
      res.end(JSON.stringify({ error: "Lookup failed", message: err.message, duration_ms: duration }));
    }
    return;
  }

  // ============================================================
  // AS Relationships endpoint: /api/relationships?asn=X
  // Returns upstream providers, downstream customers, and peers
  // with resolved names. Based on RIPE Stat asn-neighbours.
  // ============================================================
  if (reqPath === "/api/relationships") {
    const rawAsn = (url.searchParams.get("asn") || "").replace(/[^0-9]/g, "");
    if (!rawAsn) {
      res.writeHead(400);
      return res.end(JSON.stringify({ error: "Missing or invalid ASN parameter" }));
    }
    const cacheKey = "relationships:" + rawAsn;
    const cached = cacheGet(cacheKey);
    if (cached) {
      res.writeHead(200, { "Content-Type": "application/json", "X-Cache": "HIT" });
      return res.end(JSON.stringify(cached));
    }
    const start = Date.now();
    try {
      const neighbourData = await fetchRipeStatCached(
        "https://stat.ripe.net/data/asn-neighbours/data.json?resource=AS" + rawAsn + "&lod=1",
        { timeout: 8000 }
      );
      const neighbours = (neighbourData && neighbourData.data && neighbourData.data.neighbours) || [];
      const counts = (neighbourData && neighbourData.data && neighbourData.data.neighbour_counts) || {};

      const upstreams = neighbours.filter(n => n.type === "left").sort((a,b) => (b.power||0)-(a.power||0));
      const downstreams = neighbours.filter(n => n.type === "right").sort((a,b) => (b.power||0)-(a.power||0));
      const peers = neighbours.filter(n => n.type === "uncertain").sort((a,b) => (b.power||0)-(a.power||0));

      // Resolve AS names for top entries (upstreams + downstreams all, top 20 peers)
      const toResolve = [...upstreams, ...downstreams, ...peers.slice(0, 20)];
      const resolvedNames = {};
      await Promise.race([
        Promise.all(toResolve.map(n =>
          fetchRipeStatCached("https://stat.ripe.net/data/as-overview/data.json?resource=AS" + n.asn, { timeout: 3000 })
            .then(r => { if (r && r.data && r.data.holder) resolvedNames[n.asn] = r.data.holder; })
            .catch(() => {})
        )),
        new Promise(r => setTimeout(r, 5000)),
      ]);

      // ---- Threat Intelligence Enrichment ----
      // Enrich neighbors with threat status from local threat_intel table
      const threatMap = {};
      const allNeighborsForThreat = [...upstreams, ...downstreams, ...peers];
      const threatPromises = allNeighborsForThreat.slice(0, 100).map(async (n) => {
        try {
          const asNum = String(n.asn);
          const threat = await localDb.getThreatIntel(asNum);
          if (threat) {
            threatMap[n.asn] = {
              threat_level: threat.threat_level,
              confidence_score: threat.confidence_score,
              source: threat.source,
            };
          }
        } catch (e) {
          console.error(`[Relationships Threat Lookup] Error checking ASN ${n.asn}:`, e.message);
        }
      });
      await Promise.race([
        Promise.all(threatPromises),
        new Promise(r => setTimeout(r, 3000)),
      ]);

      const fmt = n => ({
        asn: n.asn,
        name: resolvedNames[n.asn] || "",
        power: n.power || 0,
        v4_peers: n.v4_peers || 0,
        v6_peers: n.v6_peers || 0,
        threat_level: threatMap[n.asn]?.threat_level || null,
        threat_confidence: threatMap[n.asn]?.confidence_score || null,
        threat_source: threatMap[n.asn]?.source || null,
      });

      const result = {
        asn: parseInt(rawAsn),
        query_time: new Date().toISOString(),
        duration_ms: Date.now() - start,
        counts: {
          upstreams: counts.left || upstreams.length,
          downstreams: counts.right || downstreams.length,
          peers_total: counts.unique || peers.length,
          uncertain: counts.uncertain || peers.length,
        },
        upstreams: upstreams.map(fmt),
        downstreams: downstreams.map(fmt),
        peers: peers.slice(0, 50).map(fmt),
        methodology: "RIPE Stat asn-neighbours API. left=upstream providers (carry your traffic), right=downstream customers (you carry their traffic), uncertain=lateral peers. Sorted by power score (number of prefixes seen via this relationship).",
        source_url: "https://stat.ripe.net/data/asn-neighbours/data.json?resource=AS" + rawAsn,
      };

      // A neighbourData fetch failure (not a genuine zero-neighbour ASN) would
      // otherwise get cached as "0 upstreams/downstreams/peers" for the full 10min --
      // match the existing /api/validate precedent (90s TTL for suspicious zero counts).
      cacheSet(cacheKey, result, neighbourData ? 10 * 60 * 1000 : 90 * 1000);
      res.writeHead(200, { "Content-Type": "application/json" });
      return res.end(JSON.stringify(result, null, 2));
    } catch (err) {
      res.writeHead(500);
      return res.end(JSON.stringify({ error: "Relationships lookup failed", message: err.message }));
    }
  }

  // ============================================================
  // Compare endpoint: /api/compare?asn1=X&asn2=Y
  // ============================================================
  if (reqPath === "/api/compare") {
    const asn1 = (url.searchParams.get("asn1") || "").replace(/[^0-9]/g, "");
    const asn2 = (url.searchParams.get("asn2") || "").replace(/[^0-9]/g, "");
    if (!asn1 || !asn2) {
      res.writeHead(400);
      return res.end(JSON.stringify({ error: "Need asn1 and asn2 parameters" }));
    }

    const compareCacheKey = "compare:" + asn1 + ":" + asn2;
    const compareCached = cacheGet(compareCacheKey);
    if (compareCached) {
      res.writeHead(200, { "Content-Type": "application/json", "X-Cache": "HIT" });
      return res.end(JSON.stringify(compareCached));
    }
    const start = Date.now();
    try {
      // ALL calls in parallel — single batch
      // Phase 1: Get PDB net objects + RIPE data
      const [pdb1, pdb2, nb1Data, nb2Data, pfx1Data, pfx2Data] = await Promise.all([
        fetchPeeringDB("/net?asn=" + asn1),
        fetchPeeringDB("/net?asn=" + asn2),
        fetchRipeStatCached("https://stat.ripe.net/data/asn-neighbours/data.json?resource=AS" + asn1, { timeout: 8000 }),
        fetchRipeStatCached("https://stat.ripe.net/data/asn-neighbours/data.json?resource=AS" + asn2, { timeout: 8000 }),
        fetchRipeStatCached("https://stat.ripe.net/data/announced-prefixes/data.json?resource=AS" + asn1, { timeout: 8000 }),
        fetchRipeStatCached("https://stat.ripe.net/data/announced-prefixes/data.json?resource=AS" + asn2, { timeout: 8000 }),
      ]);

      const net1 = pdb1?.data?.[0] || {};
      const net2 = pdb2?.data?.[0] || {};
      const netId1 = net1.id;
      const netId2 = net2.id;

      // Phase 2: IX + Facility using net_id (Bug 1 fix: netfac requires net_id, not asn)
      const ixFacPromises = [];
      ixFacPromises.push(netId1 ? fetchPeeringDB("/netixlan?net_id=" + netId1) : Promise.resolve(null));
      ixFacPromises.push(netId2 ? fetchPeeringDB("/netixlan?net_id=" + netId2) : Promise.resolve(null));
      ixFacPromises.push(netId1 ? fetchPeeringDB("/netfac?net_id=" + netId1) : Promise.resolve(null));
      ixFacPromises.push(netId2 ? fetchPeeringDB("/netfac?net_id=" + netId2) : Promise.resolve(null));
      const [ix1Data, ix2Data, fac1Data, fac2Data] = await Promise.all(ixFacPromises);

      const ix1Set = new Set((ix1Data?.data || []).map((ix) => ix.ix_id));
      const ix2Set = new Set((ix2Data?.data || []).map((ix) => ix.ix_id));
      const ix1Names = {};
      (ix1Data?.data || []).forEach((ix) => (ix1Names[ix.ix_id] = ix.name));
      const ix2Names = {};
      (ix2Data?.data || []).forEach((ix) => (ix2Names[ix.ix_id] = ix.name));

      const commonIX = [...ix1Set].filter((id) => ix2Set.has(id)).map((id) => ({ ix_id: id, name: ix1Names[id] || ix2Names[id] || "" }));
      const only1IX = [...ix1Set].filter((id) => !ix2Set.has(id)).map((id) => ({ ix_id: id, name: ix1Names[id] || "" }));
      const only2IX = [...ix2Set].filter((id) => !ix1Set.has(id)).map((id) => ({ ix_id: id, name: ix2Names[id] || "" }));

      const fac1Set = new Set((fac1Data?.data || []).map((f) => f.fac_id));
      const fac2Set = new Set((fac2Data?.data || []).map((f) => f.fac_id));
      const fac1Names = {};
      (fac1Data?.data || []).forEach((f) => (fac1Names[f.fac_id] = f.name));
      const fac2Names = {};
      (fac2Data?.data || []).forEach((f) => (fac2Names[f.fac_id] = f.name));

      const commonFac = [...fac1Set].filter((id) => fac2Set.has(id)).map((id) => ({ fac_id: id, name: fac1Names[id] || fac2Names[id] || "" }));

      const nb1 = (nb1Data?.data?.neighbours || []).filter((n) => n.type === "left");
      const nb2 = (nb2Data?.data?.neighbours || []).filter((n) => n.type === "left");
      const up1Set = new Set(nb1.map((n) => n.asn));
      const up2Set = new Set(nb2.map((n) => n.asn));
      const nb1Map = {};
      nb1.forEach((n) => (nb1Map[n.asn] = n.as_name || ""));
      const nb2Map = {};
      nb2.forEach((n) => (nb2Map[n.asn] = n.as_name || ""));

      const commonUpstreams = [...up1Set]
        .filter((a) => up2Set.has(a))
        .map((a) => ({ asn: a, name: nb1Map[a] || nb2Map[a] || "" }));

      // ---- Threat Intelligence Enrichment for Common Upstreams ----
      const threatMap = {};
      const threatPromises = commonUpstreams.slice(0, 50).map(async (n) => {
        try {
          const asNum = String(n.asn);
          const threat = await localDb.getThreatIntel(asNum);
          if (threat) {
            threatMap[n.asn] = {
              threat_level: threat.threat_level,
              confidence_score: threat.confidence_score,
              source: threat.source,
            };
          }
        } catch (e) {
          console.error(`[Compare Threat Lookup] Error checking ASN ${n.asn}:`, e.message);
        }
      });
      await Promise.race([
        Promise.all(threatPromises),
        new Promise(r => setTimeout(r, 2000)),
      ]);

      // Attach threat status to upstream objects
      commonUpstreams.forEach((n) => {
        if (threatMap[n.asn]) {
          n.threat_level = threatMap[n.asn].threat_level;
          n.threat_confidence = threatMap[n.asn].confidence_score;
          n.threat_source = threatMap[n.asn].source;
        }
      });

      // Resolve names + RPKI sample (max 3+3 prefixes) all in parallel with 5s timeout
      const pfx1 = (pfx1Data?.data?.prefixes || []).slice(0, 3).map((p) => p.prefix);
      const pfx2 = (pfx2Data?.data?.prefixes || []).slice(0, 3).map((p) => p.prefix);
      const [, rpki1Results, rpki2Results] = await Promise.race([
        Promise.all([
          commonUpstreams.length > 0 ? Promise.all(commonUpstreams.map(n =>
            fetchRipeStatCached("https://stat.ripe.net/data/as-overview/data.json?resource=AS" + n.asn, { timeout: 3000 })
              .then(r => { if (r?.data?.holder) n.name = r.data.holder; })
              .catch(() => {})
          )) : Promise.resolve([]),
          Promise.all(pfx1.map((p) => fetchRPKIPerPrefix(asn1, p))),
          Promise.all(pfx2.map((p) => fetchRPKIPerPrefix(asn2, p))),
        ]),
        new Promise(r => setTimeout(() => r([[], [], []]), 5000)),
      ]);

      const rpki1Valid = rpki1Results.filter((r) => r.status === "valid").length;
      const rpki2Valid = rpki2Results.filter((r) => r.status === "valid").length;
      const rpki1Pct = rpki1Results.length > 0 ? Math.round((rpki1Valid / rpki1Results.length) * 100) : 0;
      const rpki2Pct = rpki2Results.length > 0 ? Math.round((rpki2Valid / rpki2Results.length) * 100) : 0;

      const duration = Date.now() - start;
      const compareResult = {
            meta: { duration_ms: duration, timestamp: new Date().toISOString() },
            asn1: {
              asn: parseInt(asn1),
              name: net1.name || "Unknown",
              ix_count: ix1Set.size,
              fac_count: fac1Set.size,
              upstream_count: up1Set.size,
              rpki_coverage: rpki1Pct,
            },
            asn2: {
              asn: parseInt(asn2),
              name: net2.name || "Unknown",
              ix_count: ix2Set.size,
              fac_count: fac2Set.size,
              upstream_count: up2Set.size,
              rpki_coverage: rpki2Pct,
            },
            common_ixps: commonIX,
            only_asn1_ixps: only1IX,
            only_asn2_ixps: only2IX,
            common_facilities: commonFac,
            common_upstreams: commonUpstreams,
            rpki_comparison: {
              asn1_coverage: rpki1Pct,
              asn2_coverage: rpki2Pct,
              asn1_checked: rpki1Results.length,
              asn2_checked: rpki2Results.length,
              better: rpki1Pct > rpki2Pct ? "AS" + asn1 : rpki2Pct > rpki1Pct ? "AS" + asn2 : "equal",
            },
          };
      cacheSet(compareCacheKey, compareResult, CACHE_TTL_DEFAULT);
      res.end(JSON.stringify(compareResult, null, 2));
    } catch (err) {
      res.writeHead(500);
      res.end(JSON.stringify({ error: "Compare failed", message: err.message }));
    }
    return;
  }


  // ============================================================
  // Quick-IX endpoint: /api/quick-ix?asn=X
  // Lightweight: only IX connections from PeeringDB, 1h cached
  // Used by Peering Recommendations to avoid 20x full lookups
  // ============================================================
  if (reqPath === "/api/quick-ix") {
    const rawAsn = (url.searchParams.get("asn") || "").replace(/[^0-9]/g, "");
    if (!rawAsn) {
      res.writeHead(400);
      return res.end(JSON.stringify({ error: "Missing asn parameter" }));
    }
    const cached = quickIxCacheGet(rawAsn);
    if (cached !== undefined) {
      res.writeHead(200, { "Content-Type": "application/json" });
      return res.end(JSON.stringify(cached));
    }
    try {
      const [pdbNetData, pdbIxlanData] = await Promise.all([
        fetchJSON("https://www.peeringdb.com/api/net?asn=" + rawAsn + "&depth=0", { timeout: 5000 }).catch(() => null),
        fetchJSON("https://www.peeringdb.com/api/netixlan?asn=" + rawAsn + "&limit=100", { timeout: 6000 }).catch(() => null),
      ]);
      const netName = pdbNetData?.data?.[0]?.name || "";
      const ixConnections = [];
      if (pdbIxlanData && pdbIxlanData.data) {
        pdbIxlanData.data.forEach((row) => {
          ixConnections.push({ ix_id: row.ixlan_id, name: row.name || "", speed: row.speed || 0 });
        });
      }
      // Fall back to RIPE Stat if PeeringDB returns nothing
      if (ixConnections.length === 0) {
        const rsStat = await fetchRipeStatCached("https://stat.ripe.net/data/ixs/data.json?resource=AS" + rawAsn, { timeout: 5000 }).catch(() => null);
        const ixs = rsStat?.data?.ixs || [];
        ixs.forEach((ix) => ixConnections.push({ ix_id: ix.ixp_id || 0, name: ix.name || "", speed: 0 }));
      }
      const result = { asn: parseInt(rawAsn), name: netName, ix_connections: ixConnections };
      quickIxCacheSet(rawAsn, result);
      res.writeHead(200, { "Content-Type": "application/json" });
      return res.end(JSON.stringify(result));
    } catch (err) {
      res.writeHead(500);
      return res.end(JSON.stringify({ error: "quick-ix lookup failed", message: err.message }));
    }
  }

  // ============================================================
  // Peer Matching endpoint: /api/peers/find?ix=NAME&policy=open&min_speed=10000
  // ============================================================
  if (reqPath === "/api/peers/find") {
    const ixName = url.searchParams.get("ix") || "";
    const policy = url.searchParams.get("policy") || "";
    const minSpeed = parseInt(url.searchParams.get("min_speed") || "0");
    const netType = url.searchParams.get("type") || "";

    if (!ixName) {
      res.writeHead(400);
      return res.end(JSON.stringify({ error: "Missing ix parameter (IX name)" }));
    }

    const start = Date.now();
    try {
      // Search for IX by name
      const ixSearch = await fetchPeeringDB("/ix?name__contains=" + encodeURIComponent(ixName));
      const ixResults = ixSearch?.data || [];
      if (ixResults.length === 0) {
        return res.end(JSON.stringify({ error: "No IX found matching: " + ixName, matches: [] }));
      }

      // Use first matching IX
      const ix = ixResults[0];
      const ixId = ix.id;

      // Get ixlan for this IX
      const ixlanData = await fetchPeeringDB("/ixlan?ix_id=" + ixId);
      const ixlans = ixlanData?.data || [];
      if (ixlans.length === 0) {
        return res.end(JSON.stringify({ ix: { id: ixId, name: ix.name }, matches: [] }));
      }

      const ixlanId = ixlans[0].id;

      // Get all networks at this IX
      const netixlanData = await fetchPeeringDB("/netixlan?ixlan_id=" + ixlanId);
      const netixlans = netixlanData?.data || [];

      // Get unique net_ids
      const netIds = [...new Set(netixlans.map(n => n.net_id))];

      // Fetch network details in batches
      const networks = [];
      const batchSize = 20;
      for (let i = 0; i < Math.min(netIds.length, 200); i += batchSize) {
        const batch = netIds.slice(i, i + batchSize);
        const batchResults = await Promise.all(
          batch.map(nid => fetchPeeringDB("/net/" + nid))
        );
        batchResults.forEach(r => {
          if (r?.data?.[0]) networks.push(r.data[0]);
        });
      }

      // Filter and rank
      let filtered = networks.map(net => {
        const nix = netixlans.filter(n => n.net_id === net.id);
        const maxSpeed = Math.max(...nix.map(n => n.speed || 0));
        return {
          asn: net.asn,
          name: net.name || "",
          policy: net.policy_general || "",
          type: net.info_type || "",
          speed_mbps: maxSpeed,
          speed_gbps: maxSpeed >= 1000 ? (maxSpeed / 1000) + " Gbps" : maxSpeed + " Mbps",
          traffic: net.info_traffic || "",
          website: net.website || "",
          peeringdb_id: net.id,
          ipv4: nix[0]?.ipaddr4 || null,
          ipv6: nix[0]?.ipaddr6 || null,
        };
      });

      // Apply filters
      if (policy) {
        filtered = filtered.filter(n => n.policy.toLowerCase().includes(policy.toLowerCase()));
      }
      if (minSpeed > 0) {
        filtered = filtered.filter(n => n.speed_mbps >= minSpeed);
      }
      if (netType) {
        filtered = filtered.filter(n => n.type.toLowerCase().includes(netType.toLowerCase()));
      }

      // Sort by speed desc
      filtered.sort((a, b) => b.speed_mbps - a.speed_mbps);

      // Also find common IXPs for each match (check if they share other IXPs)
      const duration = Date.now() - start;
      return res.end(JSON.stringify({
        meta: { duration_ms: duration, timestamp: new Date().toISOString() },
        ix: { id: ixId, name: ix.name, ixlan_id: ixlanId },
        total_members: netixlans.length,
        filtered_count: filtered.length,
        matches: filtered.slice(0, 50),
      }, null, 2));
    } catch (err) {
      res.writeHead(500);
      return res.end(JSON.stringify({ error: "Peer matching failed", message: err.message }));
    }
  }

  // ============================================================
  // Prefix Detail endpoint: /api/prefix/detail?prefix=X
  // ============================================================
  if (reqPath === "/api/prefix/detail") {
    const prefix = url.searchParams.get("prefix") || "";
    if (!prefix) {
      res.writeHead(400);
      return res.end(JSON.stringify({ error: "Missing prefix parameter" }));
    }
    const start = Date.now();
    try {
      const [routingStatus, visibility] = await Promise.all([
        fetchRipeStatCached("https://stat.ripe.net/data/routing-status/data.json?resource=" + encodeURIComponent(prefix)),
        fetchRipeStatCached("https://stat.ripe.net/data/visibility/data.json?resource=" + encodeURIComponent(prefix)),
      ]);

      const origins = routingStatus?.data?.origins || [];
      const firstSeen = routingStatus?.data?.first_seen?.time || null;

      // RPKI validation: use local PostgreSQL database (sub-10ms, zero external API calls)
      let rpkiStatus = "unknown";
      let rpkiRoas = [];
      const originAsn = origins.length > 0 ? origins[0].asn : null;
      if (originAsn) {
        try {
          const localRpki = await validateRPKIWithCache(originAsn, prefix);
          rpkiStatus = localRpki.status;
          rpkiRoas = new Array(localRpki.validating_roas); // count only, no detail
        } catch (e) {
          console.error("[Prefix Detail] RPKI validation error:", e.message);
          rpkiStatus = "unknown";
          rpkiRoas = [];
        }
      }
      var visData = visibility?.data?.visibilities || [];
      var risPeersSeeingIt = visData.length > 0 ? visData.filter(v => v.ris_peers_seeing > 0).length : 0;
      var visibilitySource = "ripe_stat";
      // bgproutes.io fallback if RIPE Stat visibility returned no data
      if (visData.length === 0 && BGPROUTES_API_KEY) {
        var bgprVis = await fetchBgproutesVisibility(prefix);
        if (bgprVis && bgprVis.vps_seeing > 0) {
          risPeersSeeingIt = bgprVis.vps_seeing;
          visData = []; // keep empty, use risPeersSeeingIt
          visibilitySource = "bgproutes.io";
        }
      }

      // Try to get IRR data
      let irrStatus = "unknown";
      try {
        const whoisData = await fetchRipeStatCached("https://stat.ripe.net/data/whois/data.json?resource=" + encodeURIComponent(prefix));
        const records = whoisData?.data?.records || [];
        if (records.length > 0) irrStatus = "found";
      } catch(_e) {}

      const duration = Date.now() - start;
      return res.end(JSON.stringify({
        meta: { duration_ms: duration, timestamp: new Date().toISOString() },
        prefix: prefix,
        origins: origins.map(o => ({ asn: o.asn, prefix: o.prefix })),
        rpki: { status: rpkiStatus, validating_roas: rpkiRoas.length },
        irr_status: irrStatus,
        visibility: { ris_peers_seeing: risPeersSeeingIt, total_probes: visData.length || risPeersSeeingIt, source: visibilitySource },
        first_seen: firstSeen,
      }, null, 2));
    } catch (err) {
      res.writeHead(500);
      return res.end(JSON.stringify({ error: "Prefix detail failed", message: err.message }));
    }
  }

  // ============================================================
  // IX Detail endpoint: /api/ix/detail?ix_id=X
  // ============================================================
  if (reqPath === "/api/ix/detail") {
    const ixId = (url.searchParams.get("ix_id") || "").replace(/[^0-9]/g, "");
    if (!ixId) {
      res.writeHead(400);
      return res.end(JSON.stringify({ error: "Missing ix_id parameter" }));
    }
    const start = Date.now();
    try {
      const [ixData, ixlanData] = await Promise.all([
        fetchPeeringDB("/ix/" + ixId),
        fetchPeeringDB("/ixlan?ix_id=" + ixId),
      ]);

      const ix = ixData?.data?.[0] || {};
      const ixlans = ixlanData?.data || [];
      const ixlanId = ixlans.length > 0 ? ixlans[0].id : null;

      let members = [];
      if (ixlanId) {
        const netixlanData = await fetchPeeringDB("/netixlan?ixlan_id=" + ixlanId);
        members = (netixlanData?.data || []).map(m => ({
          asn: m.asn,
          name: m.name || "",
          speed_mbps: m.speed || 0,
          speed_display: (m.speed || 0) >= 1000 ? ((m.speed || 0) / 1000) + " Gbps" : (m.speed || 0) + " Mbps",
          ipv4: m.ipaddr4 || null,
          ipv6: m.ipaddr6 || null,
        }));
      }

      // Sort by speed desc for top members
      const sorted = members.slice().sort((a, b) => b.speed_mbps - a.speed_mbps);

      const duration = Date.now() - start;
      return res.end(JSON.stringify({
        meta: { duration_ms: duration, timestamp: new Date().toISOString() },
        ix: {
          id: parseInt(ixId),
          name: ix.name || "",
          city: ix.city || "",
          country: ix.country || "",
          website: ix.website || "",
          peeringdb_url: "https://www.peeringdb.com/ix/" + ixId,
        },
        total_members: members.length,
        top_members_by_speed: sorted.slice(0, 20),
        all_members: sorted,
      }, null, 2));
    } catch (err) {
      res.writeHead(500);
      return res.end(JSON.stringify({ error: "IX detail failed", message: err.message }));
    }
  }


  // ============================================================
  // Feature 25: Topology endpoint
  // ============================================================
  if (reqPath === "/api/topology") {
    const rawAsn = (url.searchParams.get("asn") || "").replace(/[^0-9]/g, "");
    const depth = parseInt(url.searchParams.get("depth") || "2") || 2;
    if (!rawAsn) {
      res.writeHead(400);
      return res.end(JSON.stringify({ error: "Missing or invalid ASN parameter" }));
    }
    const start = Date.now();
    try {
      const topology = await fetchTopology(parseInt(rawAsn), depth);

      // ---- Threat Intelligence Enrichment for Topology Nodes ----
      const threatMap = {};
      const threatPromises = topology.nodes.slice(0, 100).map(async (node) => {
        try {
          const asNum = String(node.asn);
          const threat = await localDb.getThreatIntel(asNum);
          if (threat) {
            threatMap[node.asn] = {
              threat_level: threat.threat_level,
              confidence_score: threat.confidence_score,
              source: threat.source,
            };
          }
        } catch (e) {
          console.error(`[Topology Threat Lookup] Error checking ASN ${node.asn}:`, e.message);
        }
      });
      await Promise.race([
        Promise.all(threatPromises),
        new Promise(r => setTimeout(r, 3000)),
      ]);

      // Attach threat status to node objects
      topology.nodes.forEach((node) => {
        if (threatMap[node.asn]) {
          node.threat_level = threatMap[node.asn].threat_level;
          node.threat_confidence = threatMap[node.asn].confidence_score;
          node.threat_source = threatMap[node.asn].source;
        }
      });

      topology.meta = {
        query: "AS" + rawAsn, depth: depth, duration_ms: Date.now() - start,
        timestamp: new Date().toISOString(), node_count: topology.nodes.length, edge_count: topology.edges.length,
      };
      return res.end(JSON.stringify(topology, null, 2));
    } catch (err) {
      res.writeHead(500);
      return res.end(JSON.stringify({ error: "Topology query failed", message: err.message }));
    }
  }

  // ============================================================
  // Feature 27: WHOIS endpoint
  // ============================================================
  if (reqPath === "/api/whois") {
    const resource = url.searchParams.get("resource") || "";
    if (!resource) {
      res.writeHead(400);
      return res.end(JSON.stringify({ error: "Missing resource parameter (ASN, prefix, or domain)" }));
    }
    const start = Date.now();
    try {
      const whoisResult = await fetchWhois(resource);
      if (!whoisResult || typeof whoisResult !== "object") {
        res.writeHead(503);
        return res.end(JSON.stringify({ error: "WHOIS data temporarily unavailable" }));
      }
      whoisResult.meta = { duration_ms: Date.now() - start, timestamp: new Date().toISOString() };
      return res.end(JSON.stringify(whoisResult, null, 2));
    } catch (err) {
      res.writeHead(500);
      return res.end(JSON.stringify({ error: "WHOIS lookup failed", message: err.message }));
    }
  }

  // Feature 28b: Company enrichment via Wikipedia + website meta scraping
  if (reqPath === "/api/enrich") {
    res.setHeader("Content-Type", "application/json");
    res.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Origin", "*");
    res.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-store");
    const rawAsn = (url.searchParams.get("asn") || "").replace(/[^0-9]/g, "");
    const companyName = (url.searchParams.get("name") || "").trim();
    const website = (url.searchParams.get("website") || "").trim();
    const UA_SCRAPE = "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; PeerCortex/1.0; +https://peercortex.org)";

    let description = null;
    let wikiUrl = null;

    try {
      // 1. Direct Wikipedia lookup by company name
      if (companyName) {
        const nameLower = companyName.toLowerCase();
        const isRelevant = (title, extract) => {
          const titleLower = (title || "").toLowerCase();
          const extractLower = (extract || "").toLowerCase();
          const nameWords = nameLower.replace(/\s+(gmbh|ag|ltd|inc|llc|bv|sa|sas|oy|ab)\s*$/i, "").split(/\s+/).filter(w => w.length > 3);
          const titleMatch = nameWords.some(w => titleLower.includes(w));
          const netTerms = ["internet", "network", "isp", "hosting", "provider", "transit", "data center", "datacenter", "telecommunications", "telecom", "bandwidth", "peering", "routing", "autonomous system", "colocation", "colo", "fiber", "optical", "transceiver"];
          const hasNetContext = netTerms.some(t => extractLower.includes(t));
          return titleMatch && (hasNetContext || titleMatch);
        };

        // Direct title lookup — try full name first, then first word as fallback
        const cleanName = companyName.replace(/\s+(GmbH|AG|Ltd|Inc|LLC|BV|SA|SAS|Oy|AB)$/i, "").trim();
        const firstName = cleanName.split(/\s+/)[0];
        const namesToTry = cleanName === firstName ? [cleanName] : [cleanName, firstName];
        for (const tryName of namesToTry) {
          const wikiDirect = await fetchJSON(
            "https://en.wikipedia.org/api/rest_v1/page/summary/" + encodeURIComponent(tryName),
            { timeout: 5000 }
          );
          if (wikiDirect && wikiDirect.type === "disambiguation") continue; // skip disambiguation pages
          if (wikiDirect && wikiDirect.extract && wikiDirect.extract.length > 30 && isRelevant(wikiDirect.title, wikiDirect.extract)) {
            description = wikiDirect.extract.replace(/\s+/g, " ").trim().slice(0, 300);
            wikiUrl = wikiDirect.content_urls && wikiDirect.content_urls.desktop && wikiDirect.content_urls.desktop.page;
            break;
          }
        }

        // 2. Wikipedia search if direct lookup didn't match
        if (!description) {
          const searchQuery = companyName.replace(/\s+(GmbH|AG|Ltd|Inc|LLC)$/i, "") + " internet service provider";
          const searchData = await fetchJSON(
            "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=opensearch&format=json&search=" + encodeURIComponent(searchQuery) + "&limit=3",
            { timeout: 5000 }
          );
          if (searchData && Array.isArray(searchData) && searchData[1] && searchData[1].length > 0) {
            const topTitle = searchData[1][0];
            const wikiSearch = await fetchJSON(
              "https://en.wikipedia.org/api/rest_v1/page/summary/" + encodeURIComponent(topTitle),
              { timeout: 5000 }
            );
            if (wikiSearch && wikiSearch.extract && wikiSearch.extract.length > 30) {
              if (isRelevant(wikiSearch.title, wikiSearch.extract)) {
                description = wikiSearch.extract.replace(/\s+/g, " ").trim().slice(0, 300);
                wikiUrl = wikiSearch.content_urls && wikiSearch.content_urls.desktop && wikiSearch.content_urls.desktop.page;
              }
            }
          }
        }
      }

      // 3. Fallback: scrape website meta description (follows up to 3 redirects)
      function fetchPage(pageUrl, hops) {
        if (hops <= 0) return Promise.resolve(null);
        return new Promise((resolve) => {
          const mod = pageUrl.startsWith("https") ? https : http;
          const req = mod.get(pageUrl, { headers: { "User-Agent": UA_SCRAPE }, timeout: 6000 }, (res) => {
            if (res.statusCode >= 300 && res.statusCode < 400 && res.headers.location) {
              res.resume(); // drain to free socket
              const next = res.headers.location.startsWith("http") ? res.headers.location : new URL(res.headers.location, pageUrl).href;
              return resolve(fetchPage(next, hops - 1));
            }
            let data = "";
            res.on("data", (c) => { data += c; if (data.length > 40000) { req.destroy(); resolve(data); } });
            res.on("end", () => resolve(data));
          });
          req.on("error", () => resolve(null));
          req.on("timeout", () => { req.destroy(); resolve(null); });
        });
      }
      if (!description && website) {
        let wsUrl = website;
        if (!wsUrl.startsWith("http")) wsUrl = "https://" + wsUrl;
        const aboutUrl = wsUrl.replace(/\/$/, "") + "/about";
        const tryUrls = [aboutUrl, wsUrl];
        for (const tryUrl of tryUrls) {
          const resp = await fetchPage(tryUrl, 3);
          if (!resp) continue;
          const metaPatterns = [
            /<meta[^>]+name=["']description["'][^>]+content=["']([^"']{20,500})["']/i,
            /<meta[^>]+content=["']([^"']{20,500})["'][^>]+name=["']description["']/i,
            /<meta[^>]+property=["']og:description["'][^>]+content=["']([^"']{20,500})["']/i,
            /<meta[^>]+content=["']([^"']{20,500})["'][^>]+property=["']og:description["']/i,
          ];
          let matched = false;
          for (const pat of metaPatterns) {
            const m = resp.match(pat);
            if (m && m[1]) {
              description = m[1].replace(/&#10;|&#10003;|&amp;/g, " ").replace(/\s+/g, " ").trim().slice(0, 300);
              matched = true;
              break;
            }
          }
          if (matched) break;
        }
      }
    } catch (_e) {
      // Return whatever we have
    }

    return res.end(JSON.stringify({ asn: rawAsn, description, wiki_url: wikiUrl }));
  }

  // Feature 28: Submarine Cable overlay (TeleGeography proxy)
  // ── Submarine Cables map data ─────────────────────────────────
  if (reqPath === '/api/submarine-cables') {
    return proxyToApiServer(req, res, req.url);
  }

  // ── Global datacenter/IXP map (PeeringDB proxy) ───────────────
  if (reqPath === '/api/global-infra') {
    return proxyToApiServer(req, res, req.url);
  }


  // ── Changelog page ─────────────────────────────────────────
  if (reqPath === '/changelog') {
    try {
      const md = fs.readFileSync('/opt/peercortex-app/CHANGELOG.md', 'utf8');
      const lines = md.split('\n');
      let html = '';
      for (const line of lines) {
        if (line.startsWith('## ')) {
          html += `<h2 style="font-family:var(--serif);font-size:1.4rem;font-weight:800;margin:2rem 0 .5rem;border-top:2px solid var(--text);padding-top:1rem">${line.slice(3)}</h2>`;
        } else if (line.startsWith('### ')) {
          html += `<h3 style="font-family:var(--body);font-size:.72rem;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.1em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--muted);margin:1rem 0 .4rem">${line.slice(4)}</h3>`;
        } else if (line.startsWith('- **')) {
          const m = line.replace(/^- \*\*(.+?)\*\*(.*)$/, '<strong>$1</strong>$2');
          html += `<p style="font-family:var(--body);font-size:.85rem;margin:.2rem 0;padding-left:1rem;border-left:2px solid var(--border)">· ${m}</p>`;
        } else if (line.startsWith('- ')) {
          html += `<p style="font-family:var(--body);font-size:.82rem;margin:.15rem 0;color:var(--muted);padding-left:1rem">· ${line.slice(2)}</p>`;
        } else if (line.startsWith('# ')) {
          html += `<h1 style="font-family:var(--serif);font-size:2rem;font-weight:900;margin-bottom:.25rem">${line.slice(2)}</h1>`;
        }
      }
      const page = `<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="UTF-8"><title>PeerCortex Changelog</title>
<link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com">
<link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Playfair+Display:wght@700;900&family=Source+Serif+4:ital,wght@0,400;0,600;1,400&family=IBM+Plex+Mono:wght@400;600&display=swap" rel="stylesheet">
<style>
:root{--bg:#F5F2EC;--text:#1C1917;--muted:#57534E;--border:#C9C3B6;--serif:'Playfair Display',Georgia,serif;--body:'Source Serif 4',Georgia,serif;--mono:'IBM Plex Mono',monospace;--purple:#B83A1B}
body{font-family:var(--body);background:var(--bg);color:var(--text);max-width:760px;margin:0 auto;padding:2rem}
a{color:var(--purple);text-decoration:none}
.back{font-family:var(--mono);font-size:.72rem;color:var(--muted);margin-bottom:2rem;display:block}
body.dark{--bg:#0f0f0f;--text:#e8e4dc;--muted:#a09890;--border:#333}
</style></head><body>
<a href="/" class="back">← peercortex.org</a>
${html}
<p style="margin-top:3rem;font-family:var(--mono);font-size:.6rem;color:var(--muted)">PeerCortex · v0.5.0 · Open Source · MIT</p>
</body></html>`;
      res.setHeader('Content-Type', 'text/html; charset=utf-8');
      res.setHeader('Cache-Control', 'no-store');
      res.writeHead(200);
      return res.end(page);
    } catch(e) {
      res.writeHead(500); return res.end('Changelog not available');
    }
  }

  // ── BGP Community Decoder ────────────────────────────────────
  if (reqPath === '/api/communities') {
    return proxyToApiServer(req, res, req.url);
  }

  // ── IRR Audit ─────────────────────────────────────────────────
  if (reqPath === '/api/irr-audit') {
    return proxyToApiServer(req, res, req.url);
  }

  // ── AS-SET Expander ───────────────────────────────────────────
  if (reqPath === '/api/asset-expand') {
    return proxyToApiServer(req, res, req.url);
  }

  // ── Routing History (prefix table via RIPE Stat routing-history) ──
  if (reqPath === '/api/rpki-history') {
    return proxyToApiServer(req, res, req.url);
  }

  // ── AS-PATH Visualizer (RIPE Stat looking-glass) ────────────────
  if (reqPath === '/api/aspath') {
    return proxyToApiServer(req, res, req.url);
  }

  // ── Looking Glass (RIPE Stat) ─────────────────────────────────
  if (reqPath === '/api/looking-glass') {
    return proxyToApiServer(req, res, req.url);
  }

  // ── IXP Peering Matrix ────────────────────────────────────────
  if (reqPath === '/api/ix-matrix') {
    return proxyToApiServer(req, res, req.url);
  }


  // ── CORS preflight for all /api/webhooks + /api/hijacks ──────
  if ((reqPath.startsWith('/api/webhooks') || reqPath.startsWith('/api/hijacks') || reqPath === '/api/hijack-subscribe') && req.method === 'OPTIONS') {
    res.setHeader('Access-Control-Allow-Origin', '*');
    res.setHeader('Access-Control-Allow-Methods', 'GET,POST,DELETE,OPTIONS');
    res.setHeader('Access-Control-Allow-Headers', 'Content-Type');
    res.writeHead(204); return res.end();
  }

  // ── Webhook: Register ─────────────────────────────────────────
  // POST /api/webhooks?asn=X  body: { endpoint_url, timeout_ms?, max_retries? }
  if (reqPath === '/api/webhooks' && req.method === 'POST') {
    res.setHeader('Content-Type', 'application/json');
    res.setHeader('Access-Control-Allow-Origin', '*');
    const params = new URL(req.url, 'http://localhost').searchParams;
    const asn = params.get('asn') ? String(params.get('asn')).replace(/[^0-9]/g,'') : '';
    if (!asn) { res.writeHead(400); return res.end(JSON.stringify({error:'asn query param required'})); }
    let body = '';
    req.on('data', c => body += c);
    req.on('end', () => {
      try {
        const { endpoint_url, timeout_ms, max_retries } = JSON.parse(body || '{}');
        if (!endpoint_url || !endpoint_url.startsWith('http')) {
          res.writeHead(400); return res.end(JSON.stringify({error:'endpoint_url required (http/https)'}));
        }
        const subs = loadWebhookSubs();
        const exists = subs.find(s => s.asn === asn && s.endpoint_url === endpoint_url);
        if (exists) { res.writeHead(200); return res.end(JSON.stringify({id: exists.id, already_exists: true, secret_key: exists.secret})); }
        const webhookToken = crypto.randomBytes(32).toString('hex');
        const entry = {
          id: crypto.randomBytes(8).toString('hex'),
          asn, endpoint_url,
          secret: webhookToken,
          timeout_ms: timeout_ms || 10000,
          max_retries: max_retries || 5,
          active: true,
          created_at: new Date().toISOString(),
          last_triggered_at: null,
          failure_count: 0
        };
        subs.push(entry);
        saveWebhookSubs(subs);
        // Also ensure this ASN is in hijack monitoring
        const hijackSubs = loadHijackSubs();
        if (!hijackSubs.find(s => s.asn === asn)) {
          checkHijacksForAsn(asn).then(prefixes => {
            // null (lookup failed) becomes [] here so this record's shape stays
            // consistent; runHijackCheck retries the real baseline next cycle.
            hijackSubs.push({ asn, prefixes: prefixes || [], subscribed: new Date().toISOString() });
            saveHijackSubs(hijackSubs);
          });
        }
        res.writeHead(201);
        res.end(JSON.stringify({ id: entry.id, asn, endpoint_url, secret_key: secret, created_at: entry.created_at, note: 'Store secret_key safely — it signs all webhook payloads' }));
      } catch(e) { res.writeHead(400); res.end(JSON.stringify({error: e.message})); }
    });
    return;
  }

  // ── Webhook: List ─────────────────────────────────────────────
  // GET /api/webhooks?asn=X
  if (reqPath === '/api/webhooks' && req.method === 'GET') {
    res.setHeader('Content-Type', 'application/json');
    res.setHeader('Access-Control-Allow-Origin', '*');
    const params = new URL(req.url, 'http://localhost').searchParams;
    const asn = params.get('asn') ? String(params.get('asn')).replace(/[^0-9]/g,'') : '';
    const subs = loadWebhookSubs();
    const result = (asn ? subs.filter(s => s.asn === asn) : subs)
      .map(s => ({ id: s.id, asn: s.asn, endpoint_url: s.endpoint_url, active: s.active, failure_count: s.failure_count, last_triggered_at: s.last_triggered_at, created_at: s.created_at }));
    res.writeHead(200);
    return res.end(JSON.stringify({ webhooks: result, total: result.length }));
  }

  // ── Webhook: Delete ───────────────────────────────────────────
  // DELETE /api/webhooks/:id
  if (reqPath.startsWith('/api/webhooks/') && req.method === 'DELETE' && !reqPath.includes('/test')) {
    res.setHeader('Content-Type', 'application/json');
    res.setHeader('Access-Control-Allow-Origin', '*');
    const id = reqPath.split('/')[3];
    const subs = loadWebhookSubs();
    const idx = subs.findIndex(s => s.id === id);
    if (idx === -1) { res.writeHead(404); return res.end(JSON.stringify({error:'webhook not found'})); }
    subs.splice(idx, 1);
    saveWebhookSubs(subs);
    res.writeHead(200);
    return res.end(JSON.stringify({ deleted: true, id }));
  }

  // ── Webhook: Test ─────────────────────────────────────────────
  // POST /api/webhooks/:id/test
  if (reqPath.match(/^\/api\/webhooks\/[^/]+\/test$/) && req.method === 'POST') {
    res.setHeader('Content-Type', 'application/json');
    res.setHeader('Access-Control-Allow-Origin', '*');
    const id = reqPath.split('/')[3];
    const subs = loadWebhookSubs();
    const sub = subs.find(s => s.id === id);
    if (!sub) { res.writeHead(404); return res.end(JSON.stringify({error:'webhook not found'})); }
    const testPayload = { event: 'test', asn: sub.asn, message: 'PeerCortex webhook test — if you receive this, delivery works!', timestamp: new Date().toISOString() };
    const start = Date.now();
    deliverWebhook(sub, testPayload, 1).then(result => {
      res.writeHead(result.ok ? 200 : 502);
      res.end(JSON.stringify({ ok: result.ok, response_time_ms: Date.now() - start, status: result.status, error: result.error || null }));
    });
    return;
  }

  // ── Hijack Events: List ───────────────────────────────────────
  // GET /api/hijacks?asn=X&limit=50&resolved=false
  if (reqPath === '/api/hijacks' && req.method === 'GET') {
    const params = new URL(req.url, 'http://localhost').searchParams;
    const asn = params.get('asn') ? String(params.get('asn')).replace(/[^0-9]/g,'') : '';
    const limit = Math.min(parseInt(params.get('limit') || '50', 10), 200);
    const resolvedFilter = params.get('resolved');
    res.setHeader('Content-Type', 'application/json');
    res.setHeader('Access-Control-Allow-Origin', '*');
    res.setHeader('Cache-Control', 'no-store');
    let events = loadHijackAlerts();
    if (asn) events = events.filter(a => String(a.asn) === asn);
    if (resolvedFilter === 'false') events = events.filter(a => !a.resolved);
    if (resolvedFilter === 'true')  events = events.filter(a => a.resolved);
    const total = events.length;
    events = events.slice(-limit).reverse();
    res.writeHead(200);
    return res.end(JSON.stringify({ total, events }));
  }

  // ── Hijack Events: Resolve ────────────────────────────────────
  // POST /api/hijacks/:id/resolve  body: { resolution_notes? }
  if (reqPath.match(/^\/api\/hijacks\/[^/]+\/resolve$/) && req.method === 'POST') {
    res.setHeader('Content-Type', 'application/json');
    res.setHeader('Access-Control-Allow-Origin', '*');
    const id = reqPath.split('/')[3];
    let body = '';
    req.on('data', c => body += c);
    req.on('end', () => {
      const alerts = loadHijackAlerts();
      const alert = alerts.find(a => a.id === id);
      if (!alert) { res.writeHead(404); return res.end(JSON.stringify({error:'event not found'})); }
      alert.resolved = true;
      alert.resolved_at = new Date().toISOString();
      try { const { resolution_notes } = JSON.parse(body || '{}'); if (resolution_notes) alert.resolution_notes = resolution_notes; } catch(_){}
      saveHijackAlerts(alerts);
      res.writeHead(200);
      res.end(JSON.stringify({ resolved: true, id, resolved_at: alert.resolved_at }));
    });
    return;
  }

  // ── Hijack Subscribe (legacy, kept for backwards compatibility) ─
  if (reqPath === '/api/hijack-subscribe' && req.method === 'POST') {
    res.setHeader('Content-Type', 'application/json');
    res.setHeader('Access-Control-Allow-Origin', '*');
    let body = '';
    req.on('data', c => body += c);
    req.on('end', async () => {
      try {
        const { asn } = JSON.parse(body || '{}');
        const asnNum = String(asn || '').replace(/[^0-9]/g,'');
        if (!asnNum) { res.writeHead(400); return res.end(JSON.stringify({error:'asn required'})); }
        const subs = loadHijackSubs();
        const exists = subs.find(s => s.asn === asnNum);
        if (!exists) {
          const prefixes = await checkHijacksForAsn(asnNum);
          // prefixes may be null if the lookup failed just now -- store an empty
          // array so this record shape stays consistent; runHijackCheck's own
          // "!sub.prefixes.length" check will retry establishing the real
          // baseline on its next cycle rather than treating this as permanent.
          subs.push({ asn: asnNum, prefixes: prefixes || [], subscribed: new Date().toISOString() });
          saveHijackSubs(subs);
        }
        const sub = subs.find(s => s.asn === asnNum) || { prefixes: [] };
        res.writeHead(200);
        res.end(JSON.stringify({ ok: true, asn: asnNum, monitoring: true, prefix_count: (sub.prefixes || []).length }));
      } catch(e) { res.writeHead(500); res.end(JSON.stringify({error:e.message})); }
    });
    return;
  }

  // ── Hijack Alerts (legacy endpoint, kept for backwards compatibility) ─
  if (reqPath.startsWith('/api/hijack-alerts')) {
    const params = new URL(req.url, 'http://localhost').searchParams;
    const asn = (params.get('asn') || '').replace(/[^0-9]/g,'');
    res.setHeader('Content-Type', 'application/json');
    res.setHeader('Access-Control-Allow-Origin', '*');
    res.setHeader('Cache-Control', 'no-store');
    const allAlerts = loadHijackAlerts();
    const alerts = asn ? allAlerts.filter(a => String(a.asn) === asn) : allAlerts;
    const subs = loadHijackSubs();
    const sub = subs.find(s => s.asn === asn);
    res.writeHead(200);
    return res.end(JSON.stringify({ asn, alerts: alerts.slice(-50), monitoring: !!sub, prefix_count: sub ? sub.prefixes.length : 0 }));
  }


  // ── Hijack Alerts (legacy read) ───────────────────────────────
  // src/routes/hijack-alerts.ts registers /api/webhooks + /api/hijacks under
  // the same paths this file already serves above (file-backed, live).
  // Deliberately NOT proxied here — that would shadow working data with an
  // empty Postgres-backed implementation. Not a gap, just two feature
  // branches that ended up naming their routes the same thing.

  // ── Changelog JSON API ────────────────────────────────────────
  if (reqPath === '/changelog-data') {
    return proxyToApiServer(req, res, req.url);
  }

  // ── bio-rd RIB routes ─────────────────────────────────────────
  if (reqPath.startsWith('/api/rib/')) {
    return proxyToApiServer(req, res, req.url);
  }

  // ── Prefix Changes ──────────────────────────────────────────────
  if (reqPath === '/api/prefix-changes') {
    return proxyToApiServer(req, res, req.url);
  }

  // ============================================================
  // FEATURE 2: PDF Export
  // GET  /api/export/pdf?asn=X&format=report|executive|technical
  // GET  /api/export/pdf/compare?asn1=X&asn2=Y
  // ============================================================

  // Helper: fetch JSON from internal endpoint
  async function fetchInternal(path) {
    return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
      const opts = { hostname: '127.0.0.1', port: PORT, path, method: 'GET' };
      const req2 = http.request(opts, res2 => {
        let body = '';
        res2.on('data', c => body += c);
        res2.on('end', () => {
          try { resolve(JSON.parse(body)); }
          catch(e) { reject(new Error('JSON parse failed: ' + body.slice(0, 200))); }
        });
      });
      req2.on('error', reject);
      req2.setTimeout(30000, () => { req2.destroy(); reject(new Error('Internal request timeout')); });
      req2.end();
    });
  }

  if (reqPath === '/api/export/pdf' && req.method === 'GET') {
    const rawAsn = (url.searchParams.get('asn') || '').replace(/[^0-9]/g, '');
    const format  = ['executive', 'technical', 'report'].includes(url.searchParams.get('format'))
      ? url.searchParams.get('format') : 'report';
    if (!rawAsn) {
      res.writeHead(400, {'Content-Type':'application/json'});
      return res.end(JSON.stringify({ error: 'Missing asn parameter' }));
    }
    const cacheKey = `pdf:${rawAsn}:${format}`;
    const cached   = pdfCacheGet(cacheKey);
    if (cached) {
      res.writeHead(200, { ...{'Content-Type':'application/json'}, 'Content-Type': 'application/pdf', 'Content-Disposition': `inline; filename="peercortex-AS${rawAsn}-${format}.pdf"`, 'X-Cache': 'HIT', 'Content-Length': cached.length });
      return res.end(cached);
    }
    try {
      const [validateData, aspaData] = await Promise.all([
        fetchInternal(`/api/validate?asn=${rawAsn}`),
        fetchInternal(`/api/aspa?asn=${rawAsn}`).catch(() => null),
      ]);
      if (validateData.error) {
        res.writeHead(400, {'Content-Type':'application/json'});
        return res.end(JSON.stringify({ error: validateData.error }));
      }
      const html = buildPdfHtml(validateData, aspaData, format);
      const pdfBuf = await renderHtmlToPdf(html);
      pdfCacheSet(cacheKey, pdfBuf);
      res.writeHead(200, { ...{'Content-Type':'application/json'}, 'Content-Type': 'application/pdf', 'Content-Disposition': `inline; filename="peercortex-AS${rawAsn}-${format}.pdf"`, 'Content-Length': pdfBuf.length });
      return res.end(pdfBuf);
    } catch (err) {
      console.error('[PDF] Error:', err.message);
      res.writeHead(503, {'Content-Type':'application/json'});
      return res.end(JSON.stringify({ error: 'PDF generation failed', message: err.message }));
    }
  }

  if (reqPath === '/api/export/pdf/compare' && req.method === 'GET') {
    const asn1 = (url.searchParams.get('asn1') || '').replace(/[^0-9]/g, '');
    const asn2 = (url.searchParams.get('asn2') || '').replace(/[^0-9]/g, '');
    if (!asn1 || !asn2) {
      res.writeHead(400, {'Content-Type':'application/json'});
      return res.end(JSON.stringify({ error: 'Missing asn1 or asn2 parameter' }));
    }
    if (asn1 === asn2) {
      res.writeHead(400, {'Content-Type':'application/json'});
      return res.end(JSON.stringify({ error: 'asn1 and asn2 must be different' }));
    }
    const cacheKey = `pdf:compare:${Math.min(+asn1,+asn2)}:${Math.max(+asn1,+asn2)}`;
    const cached   = pdfCacheGet(cacheKey);
    if (cached) {
      res.writeHead(200, { ...{'Content-Type':'application/json'}, 'Content-Type': 'application/pdf', 'Content-Disposition': `inline; filename="peercortex-AS${asn1}-vs-AS${asn2}.pdf"`, 'X-Cache': 'HIT', 'Content-Length': cached.length });
      return res.end(cached);
    }
    try {
      const [v1, a1, l1, v2, a2, l2] = await Promise.all([
        fetchInternal(`/api/validate?asn=${asn1}`),
        fetchInternal(`/api/aspa?asn=${asn1}`).catch(() => null),
        fetchInternal(`/api/lookup?asn=${asn1}`).catch(() => null),
        fetchInternal(`/api/validate?asn=${asn2}`),
        fetchInternal(`/api/aspa?asn=${asn2}`).catch(() => null),
        fetchInternal(`/api/lookup?asn=${asn2}`).catch(() => null),
      ]);
      if (v1.error || v2.error) {
        res.writeHead(400, {'Content-Type':'application/json'});
        return res.end(JSON.stringify({ error: v1.error || v2.error }));
      }
      const html = buildComparisonPdfHtml(v1, a1, l1, v2, a2, l2);
      const pdfBuf = await renderHtmlToPdf(html);
      pdfCacheSet(cacheKey, pdfBuf);
      res.writeHead(200, { ...{'Content-Type':'application/json'}, 'Content-Type': 'application/pdf', 'Content-Disposition': `inline; filename="peercortex-AS${asn1}-vs-AS${asn2}.pdf"`, 'Content-Length': pdfBuf.length });
      return res.end(pdfBuf);
    } catch (err) {
      console.error('[PDF] Error:', err.message);
      res.writeHead(503, {'Content-Type':'application/json'});
      return res.end(JSON.stringify({ error: 'PDF generation failed', message: err.message }));
    }
  }

  // CORS preflight for PDF export (already handled globally above, belt-and-suspenders)
  if (reqPath.startsWith('/api/export/') && req.method === 'OPTIONS') {
    res.writeHead(204);
    return res.end();
  }

  // ============================================================
  // FEATURE 3: ASPA Adoption Tracker — API + Dashboard
  // GET  /aspa-adoption                               → dashboard HTML
  // GET  /api/aspa-adoption-stats?period=7d|30d|1y   → JSON trend
  // GET  /api/aspa-adoption-stats/export?format=csv|json&period=30d
  // ============================================================

  if (reqPath === '/aspa-adoption') {
    res.setHeader('Content-Type', 'text/html; charset=utf-8');
    res.writeHead(200);
    return res.end(buildAspaAdoptionDashboard());
  }

  if (reqPath === '/api/aspa-adoption-stats' && req.method === 'GET') {
    const period   = ['7d','30d','90d','1y'].includes(url.searchParams.get('period'))
      ? url.searchParams.get('period') : '30d';
    const trend    = getAdoptionTrend(period);
    const latest   = aspaAdoptionDailyHistory[aspaAdoptionDailyHistory.length - 1];
    const prev     = aspaAdoptionDailyHistory[aspaAdoptionDailyHistory.length - 2];

    // Linear regression forecast
    function forecast(data, daysAhead) {
      if (data.length < 2) return null;
      const n = data.length;
      const xs = data.map((_, i) => i);
      const ys = data.map(d => d.coverage_pct_atlas);
      const xMean = xs.reduce((a,b)=>a+b,0)/n;
      const yMean = ys.reduce((a,b)=>a+b,0)/n;
      const num = xs.reduce((s,x,i)=>s+(x-xMean)*(ys[i]-yMean),0);
      const den = xs.reduce((s,x)=>s+(x-xMean)**2,0);
      if (den===0) return yMean;
      const slope = num/den;
      return Math.max(0, Math.min(100, Math.round((yMean + slope*(n-1+daysAhead))*100)/100));
    }

    const trend30 = getAdoptionTrend('30d');
    const result = {
      period,
      current: {
        date: latest?.date,
        aspa_objects: latest?.aspa_objects ?? rpkiAspaMap.size,
        roa_count: latest?.roa_count,
        atlas_asns_total: latest?.atlas_asns_total ?? 0,
        atlas_asns_with_aspa: latest?.atlas_asns_with_aspa ?? 0,
        coverage_pct_atlas: latest?.coverage_pct_atlas ?? 0,
        delta_from_previous: prev ? (latest?.aspa_objects ?? 0) - prev.aspa_objects : 0,
      },
      trend: trend.map(s => ({
        date: s.date,
        aspa_objects: s.aspa_objects,
        coverage_pct_atlas: s.coverage_pct_atlas,
        atlas_asns_total: s.atlas_asns_total,
      })),
      forecast: {
        predicted_90d: forecast(trend30, 90),
        confidence: trend30.length >= 10 ? 0.75 : 0.5,
        method: 'linear_regression',
        based_on_samples: trend30.length,
      },
      meta: {
        total_snapshots: aspaAdoptionDailyHistory.length,
        last_updated: latest?.date ?? null,
        denominator: 'atlas_visible_asns',
        source: 'rpki_cloudflare_feed',
      }
    };
    res.setHeader('Content-Type', 'application/json');
    res.writeHead(200);
    return res.end(JSON.stringify(result, null, 2));
  }

  if (reqPath === '/api/aspa-adoption-stats/export' && req.method === 'GET') {
    const fmt    = url.searchParams.get('format') === 'csv' ? 'csv' : 'json';
    const period = ['7d','30d','90d','1y'].includes(url.searchParams.get('period'))
      ? url.searchParams.get('period') : '30d';
    const data   = getAdoptionTrend(period);

    if (fmt === 'csv') {
      const header = 'date,aspa_objects,roa_count,atlas_asns_total,atlas_asns_with_aspa,coverage_pct_atlas,aspa_delta\n';
      const rows   = data.map(s =>
        `${s.date},${s.aspa_objects},${s.roa_count},${s.atlas_asns_total},${s.atlas_asns_with_aspa},${s.coverage_pct_atlas},${s.aspa_delta??0}`
      ).join('\n');
      res.setHeader('Content-Type', 'text/csv');
      res.setHeader('Content-Disposition', `attachment; filename="peercortex-aspa-adoption-${period}.csv"`);
      res.writeHead(200);
      return res.end(header + rows);
    }

    res.setHeader('Content-Type', 'application/json');
    res.setHeader('Content-Disposition', `attachment; filename="peercortex-aspa-adoption-${period}.json"`);
    res.writeHead(200);
    return res.end(JSON.stringify({ period, count: data.length, data }, null, 2));
  }

  // GET /api/ipv6-adoption-stats?refresh=1
  if (reqPath === '/api/ipv6-adoption-stats' && req.method === 'GET') {
    const force = url.searchParams.get('refresh') === '1';
    try {
      const data = await fetchIpv6AdoptionStats(force);
      res.setHeader('Content-Type', 'application/json');
      res.writeHead(200);
      return res.end(JSON.stringify(data, null, 2));
    } catch (err) {
      res.writeHead(503);
      return res.end(JSON.stringify({ error: 'IPv6 stats unavailable', message: err.message }));
    }
  }

  // 404
  res.writeHead(404);
  res.end(
    JSON.stringify({
      error: "Not found. Endpoints: /api/health, /api/validate?asn=X, /api/lookup?asn=X, /api/aspa?asn=X, /api/aspa/verify?asn=X, /api/bgproutes?asn=X, /api/compare?asn1=X&asn2=Y, /api/peers/find?ix=NAME, /api/prefix/detail?prefix=X, /api/ix/detail?ix_id=X, /api/export/pdf?asn=X&format=report|executive|technical, /api/export/pdf/compare?asn1=X&asn2=Y, /api/aspa-adoption-stats?period=30d, /api/ipv6-adoption-stats",
    })
  );
});


const { atlasState, fetchAllAtlasProbes } = require("./server/atlas-probes");

const { pdbOrgState, fetchPdbOrgCountries } = require("./server/pdb-org-countries");

const PORT = process.env.PORT || 3101;

// ============================================================
// Startup Sequence — load disk caches first, then fetch fresh data
// ============================================================

// Phase 0: Load disk caches for fast restart (instant)
roaStore.loadFromDisk("/opt/peercortex-app/.roa-cache.json");
pdbSourceCache.loadFromDisk("/opt/peercortex-app/.pdb-source-cache.json");
loadRipeStatCacheFromDisk("/opt/peercortex-app/.ripe-stat-cache.json");

// Phase 1: Fetch fresh RPKI feed (ASPA + ROA) + Atlas probes + PDB org countries + MANRS participants
ensureManrsCache(); // fire-and-forget, 24h cache
Promise.all([fetchRpkiAspaFeed(), fetchAllAtlasProbes(), fetchPdbOrgCountries()]).then(() => {
  // Re-record ASPA adoption snapshot now that Atlas data is fully loaded
  recordAspaAdoptionSnapshot(rpkiAspaMap.size, roaStore.count, rpkiAspaMap);

  server.listen(PORT, "0.0.0.0", () => {
    console.log("PeerCortex v0.6.5 running on http://0.0.0.0:" + PORT);
    console.log("bgproutes.io API key: " + (BGPROUTES_API_KEY ? "configured" : "NOT configured"));
    console.log("PeeringDB API key: " + (PEERINGDB_API_KEY ? "configured" : "NOT configured"));
    console.log("RPKI ASPA objects: " + rpkiAspaMap.size);
    console.log("ROA store: " + roaStore.count + " entries (" + (roaStore.ready ? "ready" : "loading...") + ")");
    console.log("PDB source cache: net=" + pdbSourceCache.net.size + " ix=" + pdbSourceCache.netixlan.size + " fac=" + pdbSourceCache.netfac.size);
    console.log("RIPE Stat cache: " + ripeStatCache.size + " entries");
  });
});

// ============================================================
// bio-rd RIB WebSocket — live route streaming on /ws/rib
// ============================================================
let WebSocketServer = null;
try { WebSocketServer = require('ws').Server; } catch(_e) {}

if (WebSocketServer) {
  const ribWss = new WebSocketServer({ server, path: '/ws/rib' });
  ribWss.on('connection', function(ws) {
    let cancelStream = null;

    ws.on('message', function(raw) {
      try {
        const msg = JSON.parse(raw);
        if (msg.type === 'rib-subscribe') {
          if (cancelStream) { cancelStream(); cancelStream = null; }
          if (!risClient) {
            ws.send(JSON.stringify({ type: 'error', error: 'bio-rd RIS not configured' }));
            return;
          }
          const router = msg.router || 'default';
          cancelStream = risClient.observeRib(
            router,
            'default',
            function(update) { if (ws.readyState === ws.OPEN) ws.send(JSON.stringify(update)); },
            function(err) { if (ws.readyState === ws.OPEN) ws.send(JSON.stringify({ type: 'error', error: err.message })); }
          );
        }
      } catch(e) {
        if (ws.readyState === ws.OPEN) ws.send(JSON.stringify({ type: 'error', error: e.message }));
      }
    });

    ws.on('close', function() {
      if (cancelStream) { cancelStream(); cancelStream = null; }
    });
  });
  console.log('[bio-rd] RIB WebSocket server listening on /ws/rib');
} else {
  console.log('[bio-rd] WebSocket server skipped (ws package not installed)');
}

// ============================================================
// Refresh timers — jittered to avoid thundering herd
// ============================================================

// RPKI feed (ASPA + ROA): every 4h ± 5min jitter
setInterval(() => {
  fetchRpkiAspaFeed();
}, 4 * 60 * 60 * 1000 + Math.floor(Math.random() * 10 * 60 * 1000) - 5 * 60 * 1000);

// Atlas probe cache: every 12h ± 10min jitter
setInterval(function() {
  fetchAllAtlasProbes();
}, 12 * 60 * 60 * 1000 + Math.floor(Math.random() * 20 * 60 * 1000) - 10 * 60 * 1000);

// Disk cache persistence: every 30 minutes
setInterval(function() {
  pdbSourceCache.saveToDisk("/opt/peercortex-app/.pdb-source-cache.json");
  saveRipeStatCacheToDisk("/opt/peercortex-app/.ripe-stat-cache.json");
}, 30 * 60 * 1000);

// Save caches on graceful shutdown
process.on("SIGTERM", function() {
  console.log("[SHUTDOWN] Saving caches to disk...");
  pdbSourceCache.saveToDisk("/opt/peercortex-app/.pdb-source-cache.json");
  saveRipeStatCacheToDisk("/opt/peercortex-app/.ripe-stat-cache.json");
  roaStore.saveToDisk("/opt/peercortex-app/.roa-cache.json");
  process.exit(0);
});
process.on("SIGINT", function() {
  console.log("[SHUTDOWN] Saving caches to disk...");
  pdbSourceCache.saveToDisk("/opt/peercortex-app/.pdb-source-cache.json");
  saveRipeStatCacheToDisk("/opt/peercortex-app/.ripe-stat-cache.json");
  roaStore.saveToDisk("/opt/peercortex-app/.roa-cache.json");
  process.exit(0);
});