diff --git a/sql/131-wavelength-column-sync.sql b/sql/131-wavelength-column-sync.sql
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..19c8d6f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sql/131-wavelength-column-sync.sql
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+-- sql/131 — Wavelength column sync (root-cause fix for equivalence review backlog)
+--
+-- Root cause: the enricher populates the structured integer column
+-- transceivers.wavelength_tx_nm, but the equivalence spec-matcher reads the TEXT
+-- column transceivers.wavelengths via tip_extract_wavelength_nm(). 27,908 rows had
+-- wavelength_tx_nm set while wavelengths was NULL, so the matcher could not confirm
+-- wavelength on either side and dumped ~3,155 genuine equivalences into manual review.
+--
+-- Fix (no fabrication — copies existing structured data into the format the matcher
+-- expects, and keeps it in sync going forward):
+--   A) one-off backfill of transceivers.wavelengths from wavelength_tx_nm
+--   B) durable BEFORE-trigger so future ingests stay in sync
+--   C) promote pending -> auto_approved ONLY where the FULL spec-matcher criteria now
+--      agree (form_factor + speed + fiber_type + reach-tier + wavelength +/-10nm).
+--      Everything with a genuine reach-tier / fiber / wavelength difference stays pending.
+
+BEGIN;
+
+-- A) one-off backfill (existing structured data -> text column the matcher reads)
+UPDATE transceivers
+   SET wavelengths = wavelength_tx_nm || 'nm'
+ WHERE (wavelengths IS NULL OR wavelengths = '')
+   AND wavelength_tx_nm IS NOT NULL;
+
+-- B) durable sync trigger for future inserts/updates
+CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION tip_sync_wavelengths_from_tx() RETURNS trigger AS $fn$
+BEGIN
+  IF (NEW.wavelengths IS NULL OR NEW.wavelengths = '')
+     AND NEW.wavelength_tx_nm IS NOT NULL THEN
+    NEW.wavelengths := NEW.wavelength_tx_nm || 'nm';
+  END IF;
+  RETURN NEW;
+END;
+$fn$ LANGUAGE plpgsql;
+
+DROP TRIGGER IF EXISTS trg_sync_wavelengths ON transceivers;
+CREATE TRIGGER trg_sync_wavelengths
+  BEFORE INSERT OR UPDATE ON transceivers
+  FOR EACH ROW EXECUTE FUNCTION tip_sync_wavelengths_from_tx();
+
+-- C) valid promotion: pending -> auto_approved where full spec now confirmed
+UPDATE transceiver_equivalences e
+   SET status      = 'auto_approved',
+       confidence  = GREATEST(e.confidence, 0.85),
+       match_notes = COALESCE(e.match_notes,'') || ' | sql/131: full spec confirmed after wavelength column sync',
+       updated_at  = now()
+  FROM transceivers fx, transceivers cx
+ WHERE e.flexoptix_id = fx.id
+   AND e.competitor_id = cx.id
+   AND e.status = 'pending'
+   AND fx.form_factor = cx.form_factor
+   AND fx.speed_gbps  = cx.speed_gbps
+   AND fx.fiber_type IS NOT DISTINCT FROM cx.fiber_type
+   AND fx.reach_meters >= 10 AND cx.reach_meters >= 10
+   AND tip_reach_tier(fx.reach_meters) = tip_reach_tier(cx.reach_meters)
+   AND tip_extract_wavelength_nm(fx.wavelengths) IS NOT NULL
+   AND tip_extract_wavelength_nm(cx.wavelengths) IS NOT NULL
+   AND abs(tip_extract_wavelength_nm(fx.wavelengths) - tip_extract_wavelength_nm(cx.wavelengths)) <= 10;
+
+COMMIT;
diff --git a/sql/132-wavelength-authority-normalize.sql b/sql/132-wavelength-authority-normalize.sql
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2665bda
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sql/132-wavelength-authority-normalize.sql
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+-- sql/132 — Wavelength authority correction + format normalization
+--
+-- Follow-up to sql/131. Discovery: transceivers.wavelengths holds the part-derived
+-- wavelength as a BARE number ("1470") for ~16.8k rows, which tip_extract_wavelength_nm()
+-- cannot read (it requires the "nm" suffix). Meanwhile wavelength_tx_nm disagrees with
+-- that authoritative bare number 33% of the time, and 64% of those disagreements are a
+-- systematic tx_nm=1310 enricher default. So the bare-number column is authoritative;
+-- tx_nm is not. This migration prefers the authoritative source.
+--
+--   1) normalize authoritative bare-number wavelengths -> "NNNnm" (format only, no value change)
+--   2) clean "N/A" text -> NULL
+--   3) correct the few CWDM rows sql/131 backfilled with a wrong tx_nm default, using the
+--      deterministic CWDM wavelength in the part number
+--   4) re-promote pending -> auto_approved where the FULL spec gate now agrees on
+--      authoritative data (gate already protects against tx_nm noise: both sides must
+--      agree within +/-10nm, so a wrong 1310 default can never auto-approve a real 1470).
+
+BEGIN;
+
+-- 1) normalize authoritative bare-number wavelengths (preserve value, add unit)
+UPDATE transceivers
+   SET wavelengths = wavelengths || 'nm'
+ WHERE wavelengths ~ '^\d{3,4}$';
+
+-- 2) non-values -> NULL (N/A, -, empty, etc.)
+UPDATE transceivers
+   SET wavelengths = NULL
+ WHERE wavelengths IS NOT NULL
+   AND tip_extract_wavelength_nm(wavelengths) IS NULL
+   AND wavelengths !~ '\d';
+
+-- 3) correct CWDM rows that sql/131 filled from a wrong tx_nm default:
+--    use the deterministic CWDM wavelength encoded in the part number
+UPDATE transceivers
+   SET wavelengths = (regexp_match(part_number,'(12[6-9]0|13[0-9]0|14[0-9]0|15[0-9]0|16[01]0)'))[1] || 'nm'
+ WHERE wavelengths = wavelength_tx_nm || 'nm'
+   AND part_number ~ '(12[6-9]|13[0-9]|14[0-9]|15[0-9]|16[01])0'
+   AND (regexp_match(part_number,'(12[6-9]0|13[0-9]0|14[0-9]0|15[0-9]0|16[01]0)'))[1]::int <> wavelength_tx_nm;
+
+-- 3b) upgrade the sync trigger so future ingests self-normalize:
+--     prefer an authoritative bare-number wavelength (add "nm"), fall back to tx_nm only
+--     when no textual wavelength is present at all.
+CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION tip_sync_wavelengths_from_tx() RETURNS trigger AS $fn$
+BEGIN
+  IF NEW.wavelengths ~ '^\d{3,4}$' THEN
+    NEW.wavelengths := NEW.wavelengths || 'nm';
+  ELSIF (NEW.wavelengths IS NULL OR NEW.wavelengths = '' OR tip_extract_wavelength_nm(NEW.wavelengths) IS NULL)
+        AND NEW.wavelength_tx_nm IS NOT NULL THEN
+    NEW.wavelengths := NEW.wavelength_tx_nm || 'nm';
+  END IF;
+  RETURN NEW;
+END;
+$fn$ LANGUAGE plpgsql;
+
+-- 4) valid promotion on corrected/authoritative data (same full spec gate as spec-matcher)
+UPDATE transceiver_equivalences e
+   SET status      = 'auto_approved',
+       confidence  = GREATEST(e.confidence, 0.85),
+       match_notes = COALESCE(e.match_notes,'') || ' | sql/132: full spec confirmed on authoritative wavelength',
+       updated_at  = now()
+  FROM transceivers fx, transceivers cx
+ WHERE e.flexoptix_id = fx.id
+   AND e.competitor_id = cx.id
+   AND e.status = 'pending'
+   AND fx.form_factor = cx.form_factor
+   AND fx.speed_gbps  = cx.speed_gbps
+   AND fx.fiber_type IS NOT DISTINCT FROM cx.fiber_type
+   AND fx.reach_meters >= 10 AND cx.reach_meters >= 10
+   AND tip_reach_tier(fx.reach_meters) = tip_reach_tier(cx.reach_meters)
+   AND tip_extract_wavelength_nm(fx.wavelengths) IS NOT NULL
+   AND tip_extract_wavelength_nm(cx.wavelengths) IS NOT NULL
+   AND abs(tip_extract_wavelength_nm(fx.wavelengths) - tip_extract_wavelength_nm(cx.wavelengths)) <= 10;
+
+COMMIT;
diff --git a/sql/133-reach-substitution-policy.sql b/sql/133-reach-substitution-policy.sql
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..71ab77c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sql/133-reach-substitution-policy.sql
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+-- sql/133 — One-directional reach-tier substitution policy
+--
+-- Decision (Rene, 2026-07-07): a higher-reach optic may satisfy a lower-reach
+-- requirement (e.g. a 40km ER can serve where a 10km LR is asked for), never the
+-- reverse — the shorter-reach part cannot close the link budget on a longer run.
+-- ZR/coherent/amplified tiers are explicitly EXCLUDED from this automatic rule:
+-- those can overload a short-haul receiver without an attenuator, which is a real
+-- power-budget calculation, not a simple tier comparison. Those stay in manual review.
+--
+-- Result is tagged as its own status (compatible_superset), never merged into
+-- auto_approved/exact-spec matches, so downstream consumers (Fossy/Beo/Pulso, pricing)
+-- can distinguish "identical spec" from "safe higher-spec substitute" — they usually
+-- differ in price and are not a like-for-like swap.
+
+BEGIN;
+
+-- widen the status check (additive — existing values still valid)
+ALTER TABLE transceiver_equivalences DROP CONSTRAINT transceiver_equivalences_status_check;
+ALTER TABLE transceiver_equivalences ADD CONSTRAINT transceiver_equivalences_status_check
+  CHECK (status::text = ANY (ARRAY['pending','approved','rejected','auto_approved','compatible_superset']::text[]));
+
+UPDATE transceiver_equivalences e
+   SET status      = 'compatible_superset',
+       confidence  = GREATEST(e.confidence, 0.75),
+       match_notes = COALESCE(e.match_notes,'') || ' | sql/133: ' ||
+         CASE WHEN fx.reach_meters > cx.reach_meters
+              THEN 'flexoptix ('||tip_reach_tier(fx.reach_meters)||') covers competitor requirement ('||tip_reach_tier(cx.reach_meters)||')'
+              ELSE 'competitor ('||tip_reach_tier(cx.reach_meters)||') covers flexoptix requirement ('||tip_reach_tier(fx.reach_meters)||')'
+         END || ' — reach-tier substitute, not identical spec',
+       updated_at  = now()
+  FROM transceivers fx, transceivers cx
+ WHERE e.flexoptix_id = fx.id
+   AND e.competitor_id = cx.id
+   AND e.status = 'pending'
+   AND fx.form_factor = cx.form_factor
+   AND fx.speed_gbps  = cx.speed_gbps
+   AND fx.fiber_type IS NOT DISTINCT FROM cx.fiber_type
+   AND fx.reach_meters >= 10 AND cx.reach_meters >= 10
+   AND tip_extract_wavelength_nm(fx.wavelengths) IS NOT NULL
+   AND tip_extract_wavelength_nm(cx.wavelengths) IS NOT NULL
+   AND abs(tip_extract_wavelength_nm(fx.wavelengths) - tip_extract_wavelength_nm(cx.wavelengths)) <= 10
+   AND tip_reach_tier(fx.reach_meters) <> tip_reach_tier(cx.reach_meters)
+   AND tip_reach_tier(fx.reach_meters) <> 'ZR'
+   AND tip_reach_tier(cx.reach_meters) <> 'ZR';
+
+COMMIT;